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ALVEOLAR OSTEITIS - Coggle Diagram
ALVEOLAR OSTEITIS
standardized definition
postoperative pain in and around the extraction site, which increases in severity at any time between 1 and 3 days after the extraction accompanied by a partially or totally disintegrated blood clot within the alveolar socket with or without halitosis
must be distinguished from conditions in which pre-existing alveolar bone hypovascularity, such as
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Onset and duration
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the duration varies according to the complicity of the disease, it can be between 5-10 days
the blood clot contains anti-plasmin, this must be consumed by plasmin before the disintegration of the clot, therefore it is unlikely that AO will occur before the first day
Etiology
Oral micro-organisms
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Nitzan
SHOWED A RELATIONSHIP OF ANAEROBIC ORGANIMAS (TREPONEMA DENTICOLA) AND OBSERVED FIBRINOLYTIC ACTIVITIES THAT HAPPENED BOTH IN AO AND IN PERIODONTAL DISEASE
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Local blood perfusion, anesthesia
Vasoconstrictors in local anesthetic solutions have been suggested as alternative factors in the pathogenesis of AO
spread of bacteria, especially with multiple injections at the affected site
Oral contraceptives
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estrogens will indirectly activate the fibrinolytic system that will contribute to the appearance of OC by increasing the lysis of the blood clot
smoke
the incidence of OA increases when patients smoke excessively, smoke the day of surgery or the first postoperative day
smoking contaminates the surgical site, the applied suction can dislodge the clot, immediate healing is interrupted
Pathogenesis
occurs when fibrinolysis or other proteolytic activity in and around the alveolus is capable of destroying the blood clot
During inflammation, tissue kinases are released (by activation of plasminogen in the blood), which cause partial or complete lysis of the blood clot
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Symptomatic management
It can only be treated mainly to the immediate relief of the patient's pain during the healing stages, it is carried out mainly by palliative means
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