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Chapter 1 - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Horizontal case
        
        Full-size tower
        
        Compact tower
        
        All-in-one
      - *manufacturers may have their naming conventions
  - - - Converts AC to low voltage DC for internals
      - Form factors
        
        AT -> ATX -> ATX12V
        
        Legacy
        
        Updated
        
        Modern, most common in the market
        
        EPS12V
        
        Designed for servers, yet used in high-end desktops
    - - Power supplies include several different connectors, such as:
        
        •20-pin or 24-pin slotted connector
        •SATA keyed connector
        •Molex keyed connector
        •Berg keyed connector
        •4-pin to 8-pin auxiliary power connector
        •6/8-pin PCIe power connector
    - - The different connectors in a power supply also provide different voltages
        
        The most common voltages supplied are 3.3 volts, 5 volts, and 12 volts.
        
        3.3 volt and 5 volt supplies are typically used by digital circuits, while the 12 volt supply is used to run motors in disk drives and fans
      - Power supplies can also be single rail, dual rail, or multi rail
        
        A rail is the printed circuit board (PCB) inside the power supply to which the external cables are connected.
  - - - Chipset
        
        Most chipsets consist of the following two types:
        •Northbridge – Controls high speed access to the RAM and video card.
        •Southbridge – Allows the CPU to communicate with slower speed devices including hard drives, Universal Serial Bus (USB) ports, and expansion slots.
        
        Consists of the integrated circuits on the motherboard that control how system hardware interacts with the CPU and motherboard.
      - Major components on a motherboard include:
        •Central Processing Unit (CPU)
        •Random Access Memory (RAM)
        •Expansion slots
        •Chipset
        •Basic input/output system (BIOS) chip and Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) chip
        •SATA connectors
        •Internal USB connector
      - Form factors
        
        ATX
        
        Micro-ATX
        
        Mini-ITX
        
        ITX
- - - - Components need 30V to receive damage; humans can store up to 3000V without noticing
    - - Antistatic bags
        
        Antistatic wrist wraps
        
        Grounded mats on workbenches
        
        Grounded floor mats in work areas