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Human Body System image, sistema-circulatorio-2-e1566440234287, corazón…

- - - - formed by
        
        spinal cord
        
        white matter
        
        external part
        
        gray matter
        
        central part
        
        encephalon
        
        brain
        
        procencephalon
        
        Telencephalon
        
        basal ganglia
        
        4 more items...
        
        cerebral cortex
        
        4 more items...
        
        Diencephalon
        
        thalamus
        
        hypothalamus
        
        mescensephalon
        
        rhombensephalon
        
        cerebellum
        
        Keep your balance.
        
        preservation of muscle tone.
        
        regulates automatic and voluntary movements.
        
        brain stem
        
        midbrain
        
        bridge
        
        medulla oblongata
      - function
        
        receives and processes information
        
        learning and memory
        
        controls the body
    - - formed by
        
        autonomic nervous system
        
        sympathetic
        
        parasympathetic
        
        somatic nervous system
        
        nerves
        
        31 spinal pairs
        
        12 cranial nerves
      - function
        
        connects the brain to the body
  - - - function
        
        protects, isolates and feeds to neurons
      - Astrocytes
        
        neural supply and support
        
        Ependymal cells
        
        function
        
        produce cerebrospinal fluid.
        
        They are
        
        Ependymocytes
        
        Choroidal epithelial cells
        
        Tanicitos
        
        Microglia
        
        phagocytes and protects
        
        Oligodendrocytes
        
        form the myelin layer of the CNS
        
        Astroglia
        
        They cover and protect the neurons of the PNS
        
        Schawnn cells
        
        form myelin (PNS)
    - - functional unit
        
        parts
        
        axon
        
        transmit information
        
        dendrites
        
        receive information
        
        Cellular body
        
        nucleus
        
        cytoplasm
        
        they connect to transmit nerve impulses
  - - - perceives internal and external stimuli
    - - stored and recalled from memory.
      - Analyze sensory information and make appropriate decisions.
    - - It provokes muscular and glandular responses
- - - - Mechanical support and postural maintenance
      - Store minerals and lipids, produce red blood cells
      - Allow movement
    - - Appendicular skeleton
        
        Made up of the bones of the upper and lower extremities
        
        Shoulder girdle
        
        Function
        
        Transfer force generated by the muscles that act on the upper extremities towards the thorax
        
        Formed by
        
        Clavicles
        
        Scapula
        
        Superior limbs
        
        Formed by
        
        The clavicle and scapula
        
        The humerus, in the arm.
        
        The radius and the ulna, on the forearm
        
        Carpal bones, which form the carpus, in the wrist
        
        Metacarpal bones, in hand
        
        Phalanges in the fingers
        
        Pelvic girdle
        
        Function
        
        Support the weight of the body and locomotion
        
        Formed by
        
        Hip bones
        
        Pubic symphysis junction
        
        Lower extremities
        
        Formed by
        
        Femur, thigh
        
        Patella, knee
        
        Tibia and fibula, on the leg
        
        Tarsus, metatarsal, and phalanges, in the foot
      - Axial skeleton
        
        Central axis of the body
        
        Skull
        
        Function
        
        Support the structures of the face and protect the brain
        
        Cranial bones
        
        They form the cranial cavity that encloses the brain
        
        Serves as an anchor for the head and neck muscles
        
        Facial bones
        
        Provide cavities for sensory organs
        
        They serve as support points for the facial muscles
        
        Hyoid bone of the throat
        
        Function
        
        Controls the opening of the mouth and therefore the airways
        
        Connected to
        
        Jaw muscles
        
        Larynx
        
        Tongue
        
        Middle ear ossicles
        
        Function
        
        Transmit the sound of the air, in the form of vibrations
        
        Formed by
        
        Two hammers, two anvils and two stirrups, one on each side
        
        Spinal column
        
        Function
        
        Surrounds and protects the spinal cord
        
        Holds the head
        
        It acts as an anchor point for the ribs and muscles of the back and neck
        
        Consists of
        
        26 bones
        
        24 vertebrae
        
        Coccyx
        
        Sacrum
        
        Rib cage
        
        Function
        
        Encloses and protects the organs found in the thoracic cavity
        
        Heart
        
        Lungs
        
        Formed by
        
        The ribs
        
        Sternum
        
        Thoracic vertebrae
        
        Costal cartilage
      - Joints
        
        Function
        
        Responsible for the movement
        
        Responsible for stability
        
        Classification
        
        Fibrous joints
        
        Generalities
        
        Joined by fibrous connective tissue
        
        No movement or very limited movement
        
        Cartilaginous joints
        
        Generalities
        
        Very limited movement
        
        Connected to bones by cartilage
        
        Synovial joints
        
        Generalities
        
        Reduces friction between bones and allows more movement
        
        They generate a good movement
        
        Knee joint
        
        Elbow joint
        
        Shoulder joint
  - - - Movement, stability and body shape
      - Control of the positions of the body at rest.
      - Heat production
    - - Smooth muscle
        
        Formed by
        
        Spindle-shaped cells
        
        Longitudinal stretch marks
        
        Generalities
        
        It is located in the reproductive and excretory systems, in the blood vessels, in the skin, and internal organs
        
        Smooth muscle contraction is mediated by the autonomic vegetative nervous system
        
        Contraction
        
        Unitary smooth muscle
        
        Fast contraction
        
        Multi-unit smooth muscles
        
        Contractions depend on nerve stimulation
      - Heart muscle
        
        Function
        
        Pump blood through the circulatory system by contraction
        
        Myogenic
        
        Self-excitable
        
        Contraction
        
        Regulated by the autonomic nervous system, it depends on whether the body is active or at rest
      - Striated muscle
        
        Function
        
        Movement of the axial and appendicular skeletons
        
        Maintenance of body posture
        
        Precise eye movements
        
        Cells
        
        Cylindrical and plurinucleated
        
        Very long (up to 30 cm)
        
        Fundamental unit
        
        Sarcomero