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Theories, Sensory cortex gets concrete., Emphasis on children of all ages…
Theories
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Piaget
- A child's interaction with the environment create learning.
- Stresses the importance of "play" as learning.
- Teacher must provide a safe and interesting environment.
- Intelligence first starts when a babies reaction becomes purposeful.
- Getting children to think helps their cognitive development.
Erikson
- Shows emotional and social development.
- Babies become attached to the people they trust.
- Toddlers need to have opportunities for choice and control.
- Using energy the right way will make a preschool child's confidence grow.
- Children need independence.
Montessori
- Her classroom approach is how we do things today.
- Child sized furniture, equipment, and utensils.
- Teachers responsibility to increase each child's competence.
- Arranging a classroom is just as important as teaching.
- Every child is capable of learning.
Dewey
- Center of thought was progressive education.
- School life should grow out of home life.
- Teachers must have knowledge of certain children.
- Teachers must make sense of the world to their students.
- Established Dewey's Laboratory, which was the famous school that taught progressive education.
- Sensory cortex gets concrete.
- Learning circle is a concrete experience.
- Concrete experience and abstract thought work together.
- 4 cycles of the learning circle.
- Motor cortex facilitates action.
- Emphasis on children of all ages in the classroom.
- Child centered approach of classroom.
- Focused on psychiatry and pediatrics.
- Co-director of school that trained for disabilities.
- 1st female physician in Italy.
- 0-2 year olds understand object permanence.
- 2-7 year olds use pretend play.
- 7-11 understand mathematical concepts.
- 12 years to adulthood understands abstract ideas.
- No preexisting mental structure.
- 8 stages of psychosocial development.
- Stage 1 age 1: trust vs mistrust.
- Stage 4 age 6-12 industry vs inferiority.
- Stage 6 age 18-40: intimacy vs isolation.
- Stage 8 age 65- death: integrity vs despair.
- Social interaction requires cooperation.
- Zone of proximal development- most guidance should be given
- Babies have elementary functions.
- Higher M.F. comes after elementary M.F.
- MKO= more knowledgeable other.
- Originally interested in cognitive and language development.
- Thought research should be qualitative and quantitive.
- Teachers need to be keen observers.
- Plan challenging curriculum that stretches children's knowledge.
- Social interactions allow children to grow mentally as well
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