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B05 - Mahajanapadas: Economy & Society - Coggle Diagram
B05 - Mahajanapadas: Economy & Society
Taxes
All money was paid in the form of punch-marked coins.
Taxes were collected and given to the soldiers as a salary.
Tributes and gifts given to the king were also payed as a salary.
Farmers
They payed taxes by giving 1/6th of their crop production, which was called as Bhaga.
Most taxes came in many forms like coins, food stuff and forest produce.
Traders
They had to pay taxes for goods that were sold or bought.
Hunters-Gatherers
Since they lived in forest, they had to give forest product as taxes.
People who did not have anything to give had to pay tax by working for the king.
Agriculture
Farmers agreed to pay taxes without denying because their crop production was really good.
Iron ploughshare
Farmers started using iron ploughshare instead of wooden ones.
This helped them because they could dig deeper into hard soil in a better way.
As a result they could bring more land in cultivation.
Transplanting Paddy
Farmers planted rice seeds in smaller area.
After seeds grew into saplings they moved it into a larger field with the help of kammakaras
Thus helped in increasing rice production.
Society
There were different grougs formed in ancient times because king had to prove himself most superior.
1. Brahmins: People who studied vedas, performed rituals and adviced kings.
2. Kshatriya: People who were rulers and soldiers.
3. Vaishyas: Farmers and traders.
4. Shudras: People who served the other 3 varnas.
Many years ago people were divided into Varnas based on the work they do, but now it is based on birth.
Kings did not agree that Brahmins were to be given more respect than them.