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HUMANS LANGUAGE VS. ANIMALS LANGUAGE - Coggle Diagram
HUMANS LANGUAGE VS. ANIMALS LANGUAGE
HUMANS
Distinctive sounds, called phonemes, are arbitrary and have no meaning. But humans can string these sounds in an infinite number of ways to create meaning via words and sentences.
Humans can talk about remote, abstract, or imaginary things that aren't happening in their immediate environments.
Any gender of human can use the same languages.
Humans acquire language culturally—words must be learned.
Human language is symbolic, using a set number of sounds (phonemes) and characters (alphabet), which allows ideas to be recorded and preserved.
On a purely biological level, the human voice box and tongue are very unique, and are required to make the sounds we recognize as language.
Human language can arrange words into an infinite number of ideas, sometimes referred to as discrete infinity.
ANIMALS
Other animals do not communicate by arranging arbitrary sounds, which limits the number of messages they can create.
Animal communication is context driven—they react to stimuli, or indexes.
Certain animal communications in the animal world can only be used by one gender of that animal.
The way that animals communicate are biological, or inborn.
Animal communication is not symbolic, so it cannot preserve ideas of the past.
Other animals have different biological structures, which impact they way they make sounds.
Animals only have a limited number of combinations they can use to communicate.
Duality of Patterning
Displacement
Interchangeability
Cultural Transmission
Arbitrariness
Biology
Variety