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CELL INJURY 1 - Coggle Diagram
CELL INJURY 1
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REVERSIBLE CELL INJURY
- Decreased generation of cellular ATP:
two sources of ATP:
( aerobic respiration and anaerobic glycolytic oxidation) i.e. breakdown of glucose and glycogen
- Intracellular lactic acidosis:
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- Damage to plasma membrane pumps,
hydropic swelling and other membrane changes:
- failure of sodium-potassium pump,
- failure of calcium pump
- Reduced protein synthesis:
- dispersed ribosomes,
- formation of blebs in cytoplasm, etc.
etiology of cell injury
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Acquired causes
- Hypoxia and Ischaemia,
- physical agents,
- chemical,
- microbial,
- immunologic,
- nutritional derangements,
- ageing,
- psychogenic,
- iatrogenic,
- idiopathic
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idiopathic:
relating to or denoting any disease or condition which arises spontaneously or for which the cause is unknown.
etiology- the cause, set of causes, or manner of causation of a disease or condition.
IRREVERSIBLE CELL INJURY
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- Activated phospholipases:
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cytoskeletal damage
(microfilaments, microtubules, etc)
Nuclear damage
(Pyknosis, karyorrhexis, karyolysis)
- Lysosomal hydrolytic enzyme:
lysosomal damage,
cell death,
phagocytosis
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CELLS
- Basic building blocks of life
- Cells, tissues, organs, systems
- Epithelial and Mesenchymal
- Cellular injury leads to disease
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WHAT IS CELL INJURY?
Cell injury is defined as the effect of
a variety of stresses
due to etiologic agents
a cell encounters
resulting in changes in its
internal and external environment.
normal cell
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mild to moderate stress
REVERSIBLE CELL INJURY
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- degenerations
- subcellular alterations
- intracellular accumulations
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