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49 Effects of immobilization, injury and aging on muscles - Coggle…
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Effects of immobilization,
injury and aging on muscles
Immobilization
affects both muscle structure and function
It depends on:
Immobilized position
Shortened position
Adapts to the new resting position
through the following structural changes
Decrease in no of sarcomeres
with a compensatory
increase in sarcomere
length
Increase in the amount of
perimysium
Thickening of endomysium
Collagen fibril becoming
more circumferential
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Changes in function reflect the
structural changes
Adjusts the sarcomeres to a length
at which the muscle is capable of
developing maximum tension
in the immobilized position
Maximum tension
generated will be in the
shortened position
When immobilization ceases
Muscle may not be able to
function effectively at the joint
Resists lengthening passively,
joint motion limited
Overall tension-generating capacity
decreases
Increase in stiffness
to passive stretch
Lengthened position
Fewer structural and functional changes
when compared to shortened position
Structural changes include:
Increase in the no. of sarcomeres
Decrease in sarcomere length
in lengthened position
Increased
endomyseal
and perimyseal
connective tissues
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Functional changes include
Increase in
maximum tension generating capacity
Displacement of the length tension curve
close to the longer immobilized position
Passive tension in the muscle approximates
that of the muscles
before immobilization
Percentage of fiber types
within the muscles
Length of immobilization period