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Repro pathogens 3 [Sheep] - Coggle Diagram
Repro pathogens 3 [Sheep]
Chlamydia spp.
Diagnosis
PCR ; Serology
Cell culture ; embryonated eggs
Gram-ve; absent peptidoglycan layer
Transmission
Life cycle
Elementary bodies - infectious
Enters cells via endocytosis
Exits via cell lysis
Reticulate bodies - multiplying
Intracellular asexual multiplication
Oral
Aborted placenta ; uterine fluids
Respiratory; ocular; venerally; rectal
Pathogenesis
Chronic infections
Respiratory
Rhinitis; pneumonia
Conjunctivae
Conjunctivitis
Enteritis; arthritis; encephalomyelitis
Asymptomatic carriers
Chlamydia abortus
Placentitis - cotyledon necrosis
Dead / weak Neonates
Abortion / systemic infection
Exotic in Aus
Brucella spp.
Diagnosis
Culture - uncommon
Gram -ve coccobacilli ; strict aerobes; oxidase +ve; Non-motile
Slow growing
Scrotal palpations - lesions
Swelling --> Fibrosis; atrophy
Infertility
Reduced lambing %
Prolonged lambing period
Serology
CFT; ELISA; agglutination
Present 6-7wks post infection
Semen examination
Quality
Abnormal morphology
Quantity
Epididymisobstruction
Transmission
Ingestion
Mucosal surface exposure
Conjunctiva ; genital tract; Respiratory tract
Sources
Aborted foetal material
Pathogenesis
Haematogenous dissemination
Localised
Mononuclear phagocytic system (MPS)
Lifelong persistence
Undulant fever
Reticular CT
Reproductive tract
Epididymitis
Foetal - abortion
Obligate parasites
Animal maintenance reservoir
Reproductive tract secretions
Intermittent shedding
Carriers
Large numbers
Newly infected
Facultative intracellular survival
Evade antibodies + antibiotics
Virulence factors
Intracellular survival
Inhibit phagolysosomal fusion
Suppress myeloperoxidase H2O2 system
Produce enzymes
Prevent oxidative killing
Endotoxins
Porins
Stimulate delayed type hypersensitivity
Treatment / control
Treatment failure common
Tetracyclines ; streptomycin
Poor antibiotic penetration
Intracellular location
Abscess + firbrosis
Post-infection
Low ram infertility
Permanent damage
Biosecurity
Culling infected rams
Quarantine 60d before joining herd
Avoid stray rams; saleyard rams
Disease free accrediation schemes
B. suis
Present in feral pigs + dogs
Pig hunting ; raw meat consumption
Pathogenesis
Feral pigs - non-commercial
Dissemination infections
Arthritis; spondylitis (spinal)
Abortion ; orchitits; epididymitis
Treatment - hunting dogs
Biosecurity
Euthanasia
Control spread
Isolation
At risk humans and dogs
Education about risks
PPE - zoonosis
Doxycycline; Rifampicin
Castration
B canis
Pathogenesis
Abortion
~50d in gestation
Epididymitis + orchitis
Scrotal swelling - oedema
Systemic dissemination
Meningoencephalitis; osteomyelitis; Anterior uveitis
Back/joint pain
Exotic to Aus