Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

microbiology exam 1 - Coggle Diagram

- - - - where does it come from?
        
        existed on earth for 3.5 billion years
      - 2 types of bacteria
        
        prokaryotes
        
        pre nucleus-simple cells
        
        Prokaryote – microscopic, unicellular organisms, lack nuclei and membrane-bound organelles
        
        eukaryotes
        
        true nucleus-complex cells
        
        Eukaryote – unicellular (microscopic) and multicellular, nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
      - prokaryotic microorganism
        
        coccus (spherical)
        
        bacillus(rod shaped)(Cheeto)
        
        vibrio(curved)
        
        coccobacillus (big oval)
        
        spirillum
        
        spirochete
    - - acellular, parasitic particles composed of a nucleic acid and protein
    - - unicellular with complex cell structure; mostly motile
    - - multicellular parasitic worms
    - - are plant like organisms that can be either unicellular or multicellular, and derive energy via photosynthesis
    - - live a free existence, are relatively harmless and often benificial
      - many microorganisms have close associations with other organisms
        
        parasites
        
        symbiotic relationships
    - - bacterial cell=0.1 microns
  - - - production of foods, drugs, and vaccines
        
        example yogurt
    - - studies the immune response to various factors.
    - - recombination DNA
    - - microorganisms have been used to clean up oil spills in the oceans of the world.
  - - - ethanol
      - acetone
    - - vinegar
      - cheese
      - bread
  - - - there are about 7 B people in the world
      - 12M deaths
  - - - microscopy
      - scientific method
      - development of medical microbiology
      - de elopement of medical microbiology
      - microbiology (Aspects) techniques
        
        development of aspect tech people
        
        dr.oliver wendell holmes
        
        observed that mothers of home births had fewer infections than those who gave birth in hospitals
        
        dr.ignaz Semmelweis
        
        correlated infections with physicians coming directly from autopsy room to maternity ward
        
        Joseph lister
        
        techniques reducing microbes in medical settings and preventing wound infections
        
        involve disinfection of hands using chemicals prior to surgery
        
        heat for sterilisation
    - - disease is caused by the growth of microbes in the body and not by sins
      - two major contributors:
        
        Louis pasteur
        
        showed microbes caused fermentation and spoilage
        
        disapproved spontaneous generation of microorganisms
        
        developed pasteurisation
        
        demonstrated what is known as germ theory of disease
        
        Robert koch
        
        identified cause of anthrax, TB, and cholera
        
        established lochs postulates- a sequence of experimental steps that verified the germ theory
        
        developed pure culture methods
    - - is classification, description ,identification, and naming of living organisms
        
        classification is the practice of organising organisms into different groups based on their shared characteristics.
      - Created by: carols Linnaeus
        
        he divided the natural world into 3 kingdoms:
        
        animals
        
        plant
        
        minerals
        
        original taxonomy order
        
        kingdom
        
        class
        
        order
        
        family
        
        1 more item...
      - Ernest Haeckel
        
        wrote general morphology of organisms, proposing four kingdoms
        
        animals
        
        plants
        
        protists
        
        monera
      - Robert Whittaker
        
        proposed adding a fish kingdom- fungi
  - - - genus-capitalised
      - species-lowercase
    - - staphylococcus aureus(s.aureus)