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~Philo Notes~ 272-276 - Coggle Diagram
~Philo Notes~ 272-276
Main existentialist terms & ideas
responsability
& freedom
existentialist stand with freedom
free agents who take full responsibility of their actions
we are self creating beings, each choice we make defines our identity
identity
Not defined by a set of unchanging properties
but by the very way they change & develop through life
people are what they make themselves
meaning
no grounds to define ourselves or understand the meaning of our lives
we are alone & abandoned
in search of our own meaning
Postmodern
deconstructs, criticizes and often rejects some of the pillars of modern philosophy
like reliance on human reason & "objective values
moves away from absolute claims based on religion, nature, human nature, or transcendent values
nothing is given from birth, is innate, or given by religion
left to figure out everything on our own
Atheism
Lack of belief in a God or Gods
existential anxiety
"nausea"
Feeling of abandonment & lack of given meaning
Radical freedom: Sartre
absurd
lack of sense
consequence of lack of God & absolutes
no God
no human nature
no given meaning of life
dont discover the meaning of life but create it
due to complete freedom
enormous task
human condition
no human nature
condemned to be free
being-for-itself
we're able to envisage what is not and we are able to want it to be
intentional beings who project ourselves in the future & make plans
freedom of mind
to imagine what might be
freedom of action
to try to make it be
bad faith
the excuses we constantly make to try and justify our choices & behaviours
givenness
circumstances we are born in
cultural, social, historical context we are thrown into
criticisms
nihilism
extreme scepticism rejecting all values, believing in nothing
offers a wild, "anything goes" kind of freedom
nothingness
an ability to conceive of what is not the case
Being
existentialists are concerned with what being means for humans
Existentialism
Definition:
Philosophers who influenced existentialism
Nietzsche: late 19 century (arguably an existentialist philosopher himself)
Hagel: early 19 century
Kant: 18 century
Pascal: 17 century
Husserl: late 19/ early 20 centuries
Main Existentialist philosophers
Kierkegaard: 19 century
Heidegger: 20 century
Sartre: 20 century
Sartre's atheist existentialism
Biography: Jean-Paul Sartre (1905-1980)
See figure 1 on google doc
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