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Bioenergetics - Coggle Diagram
Bioenergetics
Essential needs of cells
Energy to drive reactions
Purpose: for 6 kinds of work (changes)
Synthetic work
Biosynthesis: Changes in chem bonds
Ex: photosynthesis
Mechanical work
Physical change in position/orientation
Ex: contraction of muscles
Concentration work
Accumulates substances within a cell/organelle
Electrical work
Moving ions across an electrochemical gradient
Generation of heat
Produce heat (shivering)
Ex: Homeotherms- regulate our temperature independently of env.
Generation of light (Bioluminescence)
Ex: fireflies
Processes
Principles of Thermodynamics
1st law of Thermodynamics
(conservation of En)
Energy cannot be created or destroyed. Only converts from one form to another (Transduction)
Types of systems
Open system
Freely exchange energy & matters
Ex: Us!
Closed system
Sealed from environment. Only En (heat) exchanged
Variables
Work (W)
Use of En to drive rxns
Internal En (E)
Total En stored in a sys
Enthalpy (H)
Heat content
Depends on Vol & Pressure
Eq: H = E + PV
Exothermic = negative = En released
Endothermic = positive = En absorbed
How do we obtain energy?
Phototrophs & Chemotrophs: depend on source of En
Autotrophs & Heterotrophs: depend on source of Carbon
Enzymes
Molecular building blocks
Information to guide activities