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The Behaviourist Approach - Coggle Diagram
The Behaviourist Approach
Assumptions
Behaviour is learned
Behaviour that is observable and measurable
Controlled scientific lab studies
Animals share the same principles of learning
We are born 'blank slates'
Classical conditioning
Learning by association occurs when two stimuli are repeatedly paired together
Stimulus generalisation
If the stimulus has similar characteristics, associations can be made
Discrimination
Conditioned response is produced only by presentation of the original stimulus
Spontaneous recovery
Reappear after extinction
Extinction
Continually presented without the response gradually dies out
Operant conditioning
Reinforcement increases the likelihood of a behaviour being repeated
Punishment decreases
Skinner's box
The box contained a lever in the side and as the rat moved about the box it would accidentally knock the lever
A food pellet would drop into a container
They would repeat the action
The response and extinction rate
AO3
Systematic desensitisation is based on classical conditioning and has been proved effective
Seligman (1970)
Different species have different capabilities
Animals are prepared to learn associations that are significant to them in terms of their survival needs
Scientific method
Animals can't consent, no demand characteristics, can't generalise
Doesn't take into account cognitive factors or behavioural states that could affect behaviour