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TOPIC 5. SOCIOLOGY AND SOCIAL ANTHROPOLOGY, system, SOCIOLOGY - Coggle…
TOPIC 5. SOCIOLOGY AND SOCIAL ANTHROPOLOGY
is the systematic and scientific study of the human being in society
social studies of reality in all its shapes and forms: phenomena, relationships, structures, systems, attitudes and social behaviors
Comes from the Latin Societas that means “society” and logos that means “study”
Exponents
Agust Compte
Method: positive or descriptive (scientific method)
Emile Durkheim
Method: Comparative, to discover differences and similarities
Marx Weber
Method: Pure or ideal. To have categories
Karl Marx
Method: Historical materialism as the study of society through class struggle
Parsons and Merton. Structural fuctionalism, based on positive and negative functions of social structures.
Object of study: society
analyzes what happens in groups, associations or institutions in a particular time and place
methods
methods used in sociology
Comparative or indirectly experimental.
Used by Durkheim
This method makes comparisons between various groups and social phenomena in order to discover the differences and similarities.
Pure or ideal
Used by Weber
Proposes to establish Ideal categories are hypothetically specific individuals (individuals, social situations, changes, revolutions, institutions, classes),
Historical materialism
used by Marx that proposed the study of society through class struggle culminating in communism.
Structural functionalist
used by Parsons and Merton that is based on positive and negative functions of social structures
Positive or descriptive
used by Comte
Its main focus would be empirical observation
Methods used in anthropology
Social and cultural research
The anthropologist is part of the life of the community and conducts routine observations every day.
Comparative
seeks to discover processes that lead to the development of certain customs.
Historic-logical
use archaeological data to construct timelines of important events and cultural changes in the past.
The object of study (anthorpology): culture
system
group
bussines
juridical sytem
SOCIOLOGY
