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Topic 6 (Part 5): Civil and Structure Supervision -Supervise structure…
Topic 6 (Part 5): Civil and Structure Supervision -Supervise structure Work
precast concrete structure work
delivery
should be planned according to the general erection sequence
should be loaded and delivered with proper supports frames, cushioning and tie-downs
Adequate packing or protection at the edges
transport the precast elements into a manner
use polythene wrapping, styrofoam, cushion packing, timber packer, protection at critical connection
handling
temporary bracing should be provided for safe handling
handle must be balanced and in line with center of gravity
recommended to lift wall frame in vertical position
hoisting method use for wall panel that cast horizontally
multiple lifting point for slab panel
handle column in horizontal position
storage
using stacking method and packers according to precast element
storage support position for beam and planks in within 300mm from lifting point
do not use more that two support point
wall panel stored vertically and braced in position by A frame of racking system
the packer or support spacer should not misaligned
store near the final position
sampling and testing
shall be determined by crushing test on 100 mm cubes.
Two (2) cubes shall be cast from each sample for
testing at seven (7) and 28 days
average strength greater than the specified characteristic strength then it consider satisfied
3 sample taken from 3 separate batch for each casting day and for each grade of grout and mortar
timber structure work
document submission
treatment certificate shall be produced for each
batch of timber delivered
relevant charge sheets shall be attached with
each treatment certificate with all information needed
the SP propose to the S.O. or his approval a roof truss system
truss analysis
design report
construction drawing
truss analysis shall indicate load, load combination, connection criteria, bracing and tie-down of the truss
All details in the construction drawings shall be sufficient to enable checking against the analysis and design report
Technical specifications for fastener and anchor of which the design refers to shall submitted
Verification test certificate from an approved accredited laboratory on the technical parameter specified in the technical specifications shall be submitted to SO
the Contractor shall submit to the S.O. a warranty from the S.P. When a prefabricated timber roof truss system is used
storage
Protect the stacks from hot dry winds, direct
sun and rain
recommended to place heavy weight on top of stack
steel structure work
document submission
The S.P. through the Contractor shall propose to the S.O. for his
approval a roof truss system
truss analysis
design report
construction drawing
All details in the construction drawings shall be sufficient
include technical specifications or mill certificates for
base steel, fastener and anchor
Verification test certificate from an approved accredited laboratory on the technical parameter specified in the technical specifications shall be submitted to SO
the Contractor shall submit to the S.O. a warranty from the S.P. When a prefabricated cold formed steel roof truss system
storage
store in horizontal position
stack widest on base
align stack centrally
stack longest on bottom and shortest on top
Topic 6 (Part 4): Civil and Structure Supervision -Supervise Concrete Work
concrete grade used in work states in drawing/BQ
Maximum cement content = 550 kg/m3
consistency of concrete
Slump classes (Refer to TABLE D7)
Compacting classes (Refer to TABLE D7A)
Vebe classes (Refer to TABLE D7B)
Flow classes (Refer to TABLE D7C)
max chloride content
Concrete containing embedded material and made with cement - 0.4
prestressed concrete and heat cured concrete containing embedded metal - 0.1
Plain, non-structural concrete - no limit
sulphate content
shall not exceed 4% by weight of cement
tests shall be carried out in accordance with BS 1881: Part 124
sampling and test plan
One sample per 10.0 m3 or every group of 10 batches for critical structures
One sample per 20.0m3 or every group of 20 batches
One sample per 50.0 m3 or every group of 50
batches
test result shall be that obtained from the average of result
range of test values is more than 15% of the mean, the results shall be disregarded
compressive strength not fall below corresponding value in Table D12
Production of Concrete -site mixed concrete
qty of cement, aggregates measured by weight
mixer shall be cleaned before changing the cement type
water content of each batch of concrete may be
adjusted
total amount of water added to the mix shall be
recorded.
production of concrete - ready mix concrete
no extra water or admixture shall be added
delivery shall be accompanied by delivery ticket and manufacturing batching record
details of mix proportion by weight
concrete grade
aggregates size and type
date and time loading at plant
type and dosage of chemical admixture
other relevant production details
Rejected concrete shall be removed from the Site.
Transportation
transported from the mixer to the
formwork as rapidly as practicable by methods
deposited as near as practicable in its final
position
be conveyed by chutes or concrete pumps only with permission
placing
placed and compacted within two (2) hours of adding
the cement to the dry aggregates and within 45 minutes of adding water to the cement and aggregate.
formwork and reinforcement contained in it shall be clean and free from standing water
shall be thoroughly compacted by either hand tamping or
mechanical vibration
Fresh concrete shall not be placed against in-situ concrete
The surface of the concrete shall be maintained reasonably level during placing.
shall not be dropped into place from a height exceeding 1.5 m.
no part of the concrete shall have a temperature exceeding 36°C.
protected from direct sunlight and from loss of moisture
compaction
compacted by vibration and thoroughly worked around the reinforcement, tendons or duct formers, around embedded fixtures and into corners of the formwork
internal vibrators shall be inserted at a distance of not less than 75 mm from the formwork.
The vibration shall be such that there will be no excess
water
Sufficient vibrators in serviceable condition shall be on
Site
Concrete shall not be subjected to any disturbance
within 24 hours after compaction
No standing or flowing water shall be allowed to come
into contact during the first two (2) hours
curing
start immediately to protect from impact damage, premature drying out, leaching out and high internal thermal gradient
covering the exposed concrete surface with an
impermeable material
steel reinforcement
furnish the mill certificates of tests and submitted for acceptance by the S.O.
spacer block
size not more that 50mmx50mm
nominal size of aggregates used shall be 10
mm.
formwork and surface finish
design carried by competent person
contractor shall identify all critical formwork design and submit the strength and deflection calculation and drawing to SO