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Ch11 Membrane Structure, Amphipathic, Reflect specialized function of …
Ch11 Membrane Structure
Plasma membrane
Characteristics
Protein-studded, fatty film
grow by enlarging in area
self-healing
functions
cell growth and motility
flexibility
import and export of small molecules
channels
transporters
Cell communication
receptors
reinforced by cell cortex
network of filamentous proteins
Lipids
bilayer char
fluidity:
hydrocarbon length
hydrocarbon number of c=c
cholesterol
allows rapid diffusion along plane
ensures membrane molecules distributed evenly between daughter cells when cell divides
2-D
phospholipids
Nonpolar Hydrocarbon tail
sat
more H's
two tails
cylindrical shape
vs detergents that are conical w/ 1 tail
unsat
c=c, kink in bond
increase fluidity
Polar phosphate head
distribution
Random
enz of ER assemble
only deposit to cytosolic half of bilayer
scramblase
asymmetric
Golgi
flippases
also puts sugar groups onto glycolipids
glycolipids
Proteins
functions
act as anchors
detect signals
transport molecules and ions
catalyze reactions
association with lipid bilayer
inegral membrane protein
lipid-linked
transmembrane protein
multipass
single pass
beta barrell
alpha helix or helices
monolayer associated
anchored to cytosolic part by amphipathic alpha helix
Peripheral membrane proteins
protein-attached
attach via weak, noncovalent interactions with other membrane proteins
can create functionally specialized regions "membrane domains"
can laterally diffuse in own domain
diffusion restricted by tight junctions
glycoproteins
Carbohydrayes
cell-cell recognition
adhesion
cell protection and lubrication
Amphipathic
Reflect specialized function of
membrane