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Cholera - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Scientific Name: Vibrio Cholerae
      - Pathogen Name: Asiatic Cholera
    - - People get infected by Cholera due to the consumption of contaminated water and food such as raw or undercooked seafood, containing the pathogen Vibrio Cholerae. Transmissions between a person to another rarely occurs, casual contact between a person with cholera isn't a high risk.
      - The bacterium lives in coastal waters with brackish rivers (areas in which seawater meets freshwater) Therefore, Cholera is spread in areas with poor sanitation or hygiene, especially in undeveloped countries lacking sewage and water supplies.
      - Cholera contaminations are usually provoked by the feces of an infected person, spreading rapidly in locations with drainage and sewage problems.
    - - Industrial Revolution Links:
        
        1854, 8th of September. John Snow, a physician convinced the local parliament in London to remove the handle of a pump in Soho. This put a short end to the spread of the pandemic but also hinted at the beginning of modern epidemiology.
        
        John Snow's Hypothesis: The rise of Cholera is because of sewage pollutions near Soho, causing civilians to drink from contaminated water.
        
        Medical authorities were against this hypothesis so as a nearby water company as they were afraid the news might affect both how the medical system works in the future and how it'll affect the water company's reputation. Instead, they blamed the problem on the miasma theory; how bad air was the real problem.
        
        John Snow, who lived near the district himself interviewed all of the victims' families. The majority of them has been in contact with the water pump in Broad Street.
        
        1854, August 31st, 127 people were killed during the first 3 days of the Cholera outbreak in Soho, near the River Thames and Southwark. People began to immediately leave the city. By the 7th of September, 3 quarters of Soho's population has already left.
        
        In 1853, Cholera has already killed more than 10,000 people in Newcastle and London.
      - Present Links:
        
        However, even though the infrastructure of sewages are more secure and developed nowadays, Cholera can still be caught in certain countries. There are 4 main treatment methods for Cholera nowadays. People infected with Cholera must be treated cautiously as they can die within hours.
        
        Rehydration. Replacing lost fluids and electrolytes simply with water or other liquid solution or by using ORS (Oral Rehydration Salts) powder. Half the population of people infected by Cholera die due to the lack of rehydration.
        
        Intravenous fluids This method is also for replacing lost fluids and electrolytes but only for more severe patients; patients who aren't able to eat or drink due to illness or recent operations. Intravenous fluids are delivered directly into a person's veins, giving them medication and nutrition needs.
        
        Antibiotics Tetracycline and doxycycline are the main types of antibiotics against Cholera, reducing diarrhea provoked by diarrhea and shortening how long the diarrhea stays within ill personals.
        
        Zinc Supplements Decreasing the amount of diarrheas and shortening how long it stays within children.
        
        Nowadays, most locations worldwide are developed and have proper hygienic sewage systems that actually work.
        
        Scientific Details Of The Scientific Solution
        
        Particle Filtration: Particle filtration is a system that separates solids from liquids physically or mechanically. Particle filtration is one of the first steps in treating contaminated wastewater. Removing solids that are larger than a micron.
        
        Different filters that can be utilised during particle filtration, depending on where the water is being used.
        
        Filter characteristics: density of particles, particle size, shape, quantity, and texture
        
        Filtration: The invention of Liquid filtration is a system which deattaches larger size particles away from liquids. Removing these particles allow the wastewater system to reuse water within that system. Benefits of filtration include: Reusing filtered water, reduce the overall waste consumed by corporations; contract chemical consumption.
        
        Details Of The System
        
        Technicians use telemetry to detect malfunctions within sewage systems.
        
        Sewage water passes through mesh screens which separates the liquid and solid matter from each other. The solid matter are known as screenings which contain used sanitary products, paper and cotton products.
        
        Then, the wastewater passes through a geit extractor which separates the sand, silt and grit contained in the sewage water.
        
        2 more items...
        
        link information back to the overall problem
  - - - 3866 deaths
      - Approximately 2,236,570 casses
      - Been ongoing for 4 years and 5 months
    - - The main seaport in the city of Yemen, Al-Hudeydah was bombed which obstructed health supply delivery routes into the city.
      - Hospitals, medical facilities, and bridges connected to city were all bombed.
        
        Created fertile ground for Cholera outbreak