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TYPE 2 DIABETES 8/18/2020 ARG - Coggle Diagram
TYPE 2 DIABETES 8/18/2020 ARG
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
It is a chronic disease in which the body is resistant to insulin, or is not able to use its own insulin.
MEDICATION
Intermediate acting insulin: neutral protamine Hagedorn, insulin zinc suspension
Rapid action insulin: lispro insulin (Humalog), insulin aspart
Short acting insulin:regular
Intermediate and rapid:70% NPH/30% regular.
Long acting insulin: Ultralente, insulin glargine (Lantus)
Metformin
Sulfonylureas
Meglitinides
Thiazolidinediones
NURSING INTERVENTIONS
Monitor the patient’s HbA1c-glycosylated hemoglobin.
Monitor for signs of hyperglycemia
Monitor for signs of hypoglycemia
Administer insulin
Administer medications
Monitor urine albumin to serum creatinine for renal failure
BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTIONS
Assess for anxiety, tremors, and slurring of speech.
Assess the mental health status
Goal setting
Problem solving
Motivation
Coping skills
Cognitive behavioral therapy strategies
Relaxation
Stress reduction
IMPORTANT ASSESSMENTS
Treat hypoglycemia with 50% dextrose.
Assess feet for temperature, pulses, color, and sensation
Assess the patient’s current knowledge and understanding about the prescribed diet
Assess the pattern of physical activity
PATIENT EDUCATION
Teach patient how to perform home glucose monitoring
Instruct patient to avoid heating pads and always to wear shoes when walking
Instruct patient to take insulin and medications as directed
Instruct the patient on the proper preparation of insulin
Teach patient the insulin injection procedures
Teach patient about the importance of healthy diet
Teach patient about the importance of exercising