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GLOBAL RESOURCE CONSUMPTION AND SECURITY, Renewable and Alternative Energy…
GLOBAL RESOURCE CONSUMPTION AND SECURITY
RESOURCES AND STEWARDSHIP
Contrasting views of population
Thomas Malthus's theory of population
Food is necessary for human existence and population growth
the effect of these 2 unequal power must be kept equal
Since humans tend not to limit their population size voluntarily “preventive checks” must be used to control population growth.
Emile Durkheim's theory of population
increase in population density leads to greater division of labour --> grater productivity attained
population pressure is necessary to increase the division of labor
labour differentiation tends to increase proportion to the social complexity and size of population
Limitations to Growth Model
factors limiting growth
population, agricultural production, natural resources, industrial production, pollution
slows down industrial growth
Environmental stewardship refers to responsible use and protection of the natural environment through conservation and sustainable practices.
In a way that takes full and balanced account of the interest of society, future generations and other species as well as private needs and accepts significant answerability
Contrasting views of population 2
Esther Boserup's theory of population
Carrying Capacity
Optimum, over- and underpopulation
Resource Stewardship 1
The Tragedy of the Commons
Resource Stewardship 2
The characteristics of a circular economy
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
3.1 GLOBAL TRENDS IN CONSUMPTION
Global consumption of resources
Ecological Footprints
Calculating ecological footprint
Definition:
The hypothetical area of land required by a society, a group or an individual to fulfil all their resources needs and assimilate all their wastes.
Poverty Reduction and The Global Middle Class
Patterns and Trends in Water Availability and Consumption
Patterns and Trends in Availability of Land and Food Consumption
Patterns and Trends in Availability and Consumption of Energy
Non-Renewable Energy includes fossil fuels, such as coal, gas and oil.
Non-Renewable Energy Sources
Advantages:
They are relatively cheap and plentiful. At the same time, advanced technologies have been developed to allow safe extraction.
Disadvantages:
Fossil duels is the most contributor to the build-up of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and consequently global warming.
Renewable Energy includes solar, hydroelectric, geothermal, biomass and tidal schemes.
Advantages:
They do not release pollutants such as greenhouse gases or chemicals that contribute to acid rain.
Disadvantages:
The locations available for renewable energy sources are often limited by politics.
Impacts of changing trends in recource consumption
Climate Change
Influence on the nexus
Methods of Adaptation
Food
Switching to drought-tolerant crops
Using waste or marginal lands for bio fuels
Energy
Increasing transmission capacity
Increasing reneweable energy
Water
Increase water use efficiency
Switching from use of freshwater to waste water
Switching from wet to dry cooling at thermoelectric power plants
The disposal and recycling of waste
Solid Domestic Waste
Waste Management
International flow of waste
China imports 3 million tonens of watste plastic and 15 million tonnes of paper and cardboard waste per year
E-Waste
The world generates roughly 50 million tonnes of e-waste each year
Recource Security
The meaning of resource security relates to the ability of humankind to guarantee the availability of natural resources for all people
The water food energy nexus
Defenition
Refers to the close link between water food and energy security
Interaction
Renewable and Alternative Energy Sources
Sources of energy with lower carbon dioxide emissions than fossil fuels include renewable energy and their use is expected to increase.
Advantages:
It does not emit carbon dioxide and so does not contribute in global warming.
Disadvantages:
The radioactive waste from nuclear power stations is extremely dangerous and remains so for thousand of years.