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Insights on Bilingualism, image, imagen, image, image, image, image, image…

- - - - "Bilingualism may be helpful for improving intelligence test scores"
    - - Provocating loneliness in individual
        
        Social Isolation
        
        Causes anxiety
        
        Anomie
        
        Social conditions not favorable :
        
        Limited competence or use one the languages
        
        Avoidance of social activities
- - - - A bilingual person is someone who. besides his L1, possesses a similar competence in a different language, and is able to use either of them within any circanstance with similar effectiveness
        
        Factors that intervene in a second language aquisition
        
        Environment
        
        Active or passive bilingualism
        
        Language skills
    - - Characteristics
      - codes independence:
      - clearly defines codes, automatic language separation
      - Alternation:
      - Quick and effortless shift from one code to another
      - Translation
      - expressing similar meanings in either code
- - - - cosmopolitanism
      - Imigration
      - Post colonial situation
- - - - Factors
    - - issues
- - - - Early immersion
        
        All the instruction is done in a second language
      - Late immersion
        
        L2 is introduced in the last years of primary instruction
- - - - Learnt in the classroom
        
        Limited purposes
        
        Curricular adjustment
        
        Not an immediate need
    - - Specific place
      - Used for everyday communication
    - - Goals
        
        Linguistic
        
        Cultural
        
        Social
    - - Students population
      - Language teachers
      - Program structure
  - - - Foster
        
        Language development
        
        Additive bilingualism
        
        Elite
      - Obstacles
        
        Development
        
        Pedagogical approaches
        
        Academic materials
        
        Instruction
        
        Dialect or variety
        
        Language ideologies
        
        Community
    - - Maintain
        
        Indigenous languages
- - - - Article 21
        
        National Educational objective
        
        Foreign language
        
        Elements
        
        Reading
        
        Conversation
        
        English
        
        Capacity to express
        
        Comprehension
      - Article 22
      - Education for ethnic groups
        
        Own
        
        Language
        
        Culture
        
        Traditions
        
        Main goal
        
        Consolidate
        
        Identity
        
        Knowledge
        
        Protection
        
        Proper use of nature
        
        Socialization
        
        Vernacular languages
        
        Teacher training
  - - - Spanish
      - Ethnic groups
        
        Languages
        
        Dilects
  - - - Not considered
    - - Basic guidelines
        
        Curriculum adjustment