Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

Ethernet & ARP - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Route print
      - netstat- r
    - - interface list
      - IPv4 Route Table
      - IPv6 Route Table
  - - - Directly connected and remote routes
      - Trustworthiness and rating of the route
      - How each route was learned
      - Which interface is used to reach the destination
      - When the route was last updated
  - - - Directly-connected routes
      - Remote routes
      - Default route
  - - - C
        
        Identifies that the network is directly connected
      - L
        
        Identifies that it is a local interface
  - - - Represents the metric or value assigned to reach the remote network
    - - Next-hop or IP address of the next router to forward the packet
    - - The administrative distance for the corresponding network
    - - Route timestamp identifies when the router was last heard from
    - - Identifies the destination network
    - - Outgoing interface
- - - - [ARP spoofing ]
        
        ARP spoofing is an attack in which malicious actors send fake ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) messages through a local area network. This causes the attacker's MAC address to link with the IP address of a legitimate computer or server on the network.
- - - - The network layer uses four processes
        in order to provide end-to-end
        transport
        
        Encapsulation
        
        Routing
        
        De-encapsulation
        
        Addressing of end devices
- - - - frame delimiting
      - addressing
      - error detection
    - - responsible for the replacement and removement of frames on the media. Communicates directly with the physical layer
- - - - The functions of the ARP is essentially to translate 32-bit addresses to 48-bit addresses and vice-versa. This is necessary because in IP Version 4 (IPv4), the most common level of Internet Protocol (IP) in use today, an IP address is 32-bits long, but MAC addresses are 48-bits long.
        
        How to remove entries from ARP Tables
        
        For each device, an ARP cache timer removes ARP entries that have not been used for a specified period of time. The times differ depending on the device and its operating system. For example, some Windows operating systems store ARP cache entries for 2 minutes. If the entry is used again during that time, the ARP timer for that entry is extended to 10 minutes.
        
        or, you manually delete it from the table
- - - - Advantages IPv6 over IPv4
        
        Simplified header format for efficient packet handling
        
        Autoconfiguration for addresses
        
        charachteristic of IP
        
        Connectionless
        -No dedicated end-to-end connection is created before data is send.
        -Very similar process as sending someone a letter through email.
        
        Best Effort Delivary
        -IP is considered unreliable because it does not guarantee that all packet that are send will be received.
        -Unreliable means that IP does not have the capability to manage and recover from undelivered,corrupt,or out of sequence packets.
        
        Media Independent
        -IP operates independently from the media that carries the data at lower layers of the protocol stack -it does not care if the media is copper cables,fiber optics or wireless.
        -The OSI data link layers is responsible for taking the IP packet and preparing it for transmission over the communications medium.
        
        IPV4 Packet
        
        IPV4 packer header
        -An IPv4 packet header consist of the feild containing binary number.
        -These numbers identity various setting of the packet which are examined by the Layers 3 process.
        
        IPV6 packet
        
        Limitation of IPv4
        -has been updated to address new challange.
        
        1 more item...
        
        Introduction to IPV6
        
        2 more items...
    - - Version
      - Traffic class
      - Flow label
      - Payload Length
      - Payload Length
      - Next Header
      - Next header
    - - Hop Limit
      - Source IPv6 Address
      - Destination IPv6 Address
- - - - Early versions of Ethernet were relatively slow at 10Mbps
        
        The latest versions of Ethernet operate at 10 Gigabits per second and faster