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ENDOCRINE GLANDS - Coggle Diagram
ENDOCRINE GLANDS
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adrenal
cortex (outer layer)
produces hormones that are vital to life, such as cortisol (which helps regulate metabolism and helps your body respond to stress) and aldosterone (which helps control blood pressure)
cortisol-regulates how the body converts fats, proteins, and carbohydrates to energy. It also helps regulate blood pressure and cardiovascular function
corticosterone- this hormone works with hydrocortisone to regulate immune response and suppress inflammatory reactions
medulla (inner layer)
produces nonessential (that is, you don’t need them to live) hormones, such as adrenaline (which helps your body react to stress).
adrenaline-rapidly responds to stress by increasing your heart rate and rushing blood to the muscles and brain. It also spikes your blood sugar level by helping convert glycogen to glucose in the liver
Addison’s disease: This rare disorder may affect anyone at any age. It develops when the adrenal cortex fails to produce enough cortisol and aldosterone
Cushing’s syndrome: Cushing’s syndrome is an uncommon condition that is essentially the opposite of Addison’s disease. It is caused by overproduction of the hormone cortisol
pancreas
hummoral stimulation
RELEASE OF A HORMONE IN RESPONSE TO CHANGES IN LEVEL OF NUTRIENT/ION IN THE BLOOD
1) blood glucose levels increase
2)increased blood glucose stimulates pancreas to release insulin
pancreatic islets—clusters of cells formerly known as the islets of Langerhans—secrete the hormones glucagon, insulin, somatostatin, and pancreatic polypeptide (PP).
receptors in the pancreas can sense the decline in blood glucose levels, such as during periods of fasting or during prolonged labor or exercise (Figure 2). In response, the alpha cells of the pancreas secrete the hormone glucagon
two of the main pancreatic hormones are insulin, which acts to lower blood sugar, and glucagon, which acts to raise blood sugar
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