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Photosynthesis - Coggle Diagram
Photosynthesis
Process
Carbon of carbon dioxide is reduced and energy is supplied to it converting it to carbohydrate.
Carbon atom is at +4 oxidation state whereas whereas carbon atoms in carbohydrate are, in general at +0.
4 electrons must be found and placed into new bonding orbitals around the carbon atom to reduce it.
Carbon is more stable in the oxidized state thsn in the reduced state
Carbohydrate such as wood and sugar can burn, rekeasing energy but carbon dioxide does not.
Made of
Combination of Carbon dioxide with water to form Carbohydrate
Can find almost everywhere
Can be found in large amount
Non-toxic
stable and contain little chemical energy.
Abundant and cheap
Source
Light and Water
Light Dependent Reaction(Thykloid Reaction)
provides source of electrons
generates ATP and ADP
converts light energy to chemical
absorbs solar energy
Occurs in thylakoid membrane
Nature of pigment
nature of light
chlorophyl b
Photosystem I
works together
transfers electrons from water to NADPH. The electron’s energy is boosted twice, once at P680 and again at P700.
ATP Synthesises
cyclic electron transport
permits production of extra ATP without synthesis of NADPH or production of free oxygen.
non-cyclic electron transport
results in production of both ATP and NADPH, but the amount of ATP is not sufficient for the stroma reactions.
chlrorophyll a
Photosystem II
accessory pigment
Light -Independent Reaction (Storma Reaction)
3-phosphoglyceraldehyde can be taken out of the chloroplast and
used by the cell to build sugars, fats, amino acids, nucleic acids.
rest of the PGAL are coverted to RuBP
carbon is now both reduced and energized
Results in a chemiosmotic gradient
diphosphoglycerate is reduced by NADPH to 3-phosphoglyceraldehyde
First step- carboxylation
Takes place in Storma
ATP donates a highenergy
phosphate group to the 3-phosphoglycerate, conveting it to 1, 3-diphosphoglycerate