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JAPANESE EXPANSION - Coggle Diagram
JAPANESE EXPANSION
Causes of Expansion
Japanese domestic issues: political and economic issues, and their impact on foreign relations
The Japanese government planned to use its army in Manchuria to disarm Zhang and force him to retreat back to Manchuria. He had become very powerful and attempted to expand into Northern China.
Some Kwantung leaders thought that Zhang, who had impeded Japan’s special interests in Manchuria, should not be treated so leniently and decided to take action themselves
Economic Issues
The global economic crisis which started in 1929 following the Wall Street Crash in the USA called into question the whole international economic order.
The worst hit industry was the silk industry
The result was desperate poverty as unemployment rose to 3 million
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Responses
International response, including US initiatives and increasing tensions between the US and Japan
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December 12, 1937 - a US gunboat, The Panay, was bombed and sunk by a Japanese aircraft
The Japanese quickly apologized and offered compensation, so conflict had been avoided.
The USA did not impost any economic sanctions and inevitably its trades with Japan played a key role in supporting Japan’s war effort against China.
1938 - the USA began to carry out a more aggressive policy towards Japan.
Events
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September 18, 1931 - near Mukden, there was an explosion on a section of the Japanese-owned South Manchurian Railway. Immediately afterward, officers of the Kwantung Army claimed that the railway had been blown up by the Chinese. However, there is evidence that the perpetrators were members of the Kwantung Army.
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