Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Chapter 5 concepts 5.1 and 5.2 - Coggle Diagram
Chapter 5 concepts 5.1 and 5.2
Macromolecule
large molecule
Carbohydrates
molecules that contain the elements: carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
Monosaccharides
simple sugars
Glucose
a monosaccharide that serves as the basic fuel molecule for living cells
Disaccharides
carbohydrates composed of two monosaccharides
Sucrose
a disaccharide that contains a molecule of glucose and a molecule of fructose
Lactose
the sugar found in mammalian milk
Polysaccharides
Large molecules made up of chains of monosaccharides
Polymer
a large molecule that consists of the same basic units linked together
Starches
polysaccharides composed of chains of glucose molecules that function in energy storage
Glycogen
animal starch, functions in energy storage
Cellulose
a structural carbohydrate found in the cell walls of plants, algae, and some microorganisms
Chitin
a polysaccharide found in the cell walls of fungi and the external skeletons of arthopods
Lipids
macromolecules composed primarily of carbon and hydrogen
Triglycerides
simple fats
Phospholipids
major structural component of cell membranes
Steroids
lipids that functions as chemical messengers in animals
Proteins
polymers of amino acids
amino acids
the basic building blocks of proteins
polypeptides
chains of amino acids
enzymes
biological catalysts
nucleic acids
polymers of nucleotides