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ENDOCRINE SYSTEM - Coggle Diagram

- - - - works antagonistacally
      - lowers
        
        blood glucose level
      - lack causes
        
        Diabetes mellitus
  - - - raises
        
        blood glucose level
- - - - Nontropic Hormones
        
        Prolactin
        
        targets
        
        mammary glands
        
        stimulates
        
        production of breast milk
        
        MSH
        
        targets
        
        melanocytes
        
        controls
        
        production of melanin
        
        GH
        
        targets
        
        liver, bones, other tissues
        
        controls
        
        growth and metabolic functions
        
        during childhood
        
        excess cause
        
        gigantism
        
        lack cause
        
        dwarfism
        
        during adulthood
        
        excess cause
        
        acromegaly
      - Tropic Hormones
        
        FSH
        
        targets
        
        testes or ovaries
        
        stimulates
        
        follicle growth and estrogen hormone production during menstrual cycle in females
        
        LH
        
        both called
        
        gonadotropins
        
        targets
        
        testes or ovaries
        
        stimulates
        
        ovulation and corpus luteum formation and testosterone hormone production in testes in males
        
        controls
        
        production of estrogen and progesterone hormones from corpus luteum in females
        
        TSH
        
        targets
        
        thyroid
        
        excess causes
        
        increase in thyroid gland cells and thyroid gland enlargement
        
        controls
        
        secretion of hormones from thyroid gland
        
        ACTH
        
        targets
        
        adrenal cortex
        
        stimulates
        
        the adrenals to release the hormone cortisol
      - makes and releases
        
        hormones under regulation of the hypothalamus
      - controlled by
        
        releasing (RF) and inhibiting
        hormones from the hypothalamus
  - - - ADH
        
        targets
        
        kidneys
        
        lack causes
        
        diabetes insipidus
        
        enhances
        
        water reabsorption from collecting ducts in kidneys resulting less water in urine.
        
        feedback mechanism
        
        negative
      - Oxytocin
        
        targets
        
        uterus and mammary glands
        
        feedback mechanism
        
        positive
        
        induces
        
        uterine contractions
        and the release of milk
      - stores and secretes
        
        hormones that are made in the hypothalamus
- - - - stimulate
        and maintain
        
        metabolic processes
      - targets
        
        all body cells
      - feedback mechanism
        
        negative
      - hypothyroidism causes
        
        Cretinism
        
        goiter
      - hyperthyroidism causes
        
        Graves’ disease
  - - - lowers
        
        blood calcium level
      - targets
        
        bones and kidneys
- - - - regulates
        
        sleep-wake cycle
  - - - stabilizes
        
        our mood, feelings of well-being, and happiness
      - lack causes
        
        depression
- - - - Epinephrine
      - Norepinephrine
        
        play role
        
        in the body's fight or flight response
  - - - Mineralocorticoids
        
        Aldosterone
        
        stimulates
        
        reabsorbtion of
        sodium and water into the blood and excrete potassium
        
        lack causes
        
        Addison disease
      - Glucocorticoids
        
        Cortisol
        
        raises
        
        blood glucose level
      - Androgens
        
        produces
        
        small amounts of steroid sex hormones
- - - - needed for
        
        development of T-lymphocytes
- - - - works antagonistacally
      - raises
        
        blood calcium level
      - excess causes
        
        kidney stones
      - lack causes
        
        tetany
      - targets
        
        bones and kidneys
- - - - Testosterone
  - - - Estrogen
        
        responsible for
        
        maintenance of the
        female reproductive system and development of female secondary sex characteristics
    - - Progesterone
        
        involved in
        
        preparing and maintaining the uterus
        
        feedback mechanism
        
        both positive and negative