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五大句型 (Ⅱ. 主詞+動詞+補充語
(補充主詞), Ⅲ. 主詞+動詞+受詞, Ⅳ. 主詞+動詞+間受(人)+主受(物), Ⅴ.…
五大句型
Ⅱ. 主詞+動詞+補充語
(補充主詞)
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⑴ be動詞表「是」及become:
ex: I am a doctor.
★ be動詞表「存在、有」時,不需SC。
ex: God is everywhere. (不用SC,屬第Ⅰ類。)
ex: The girl is in the kitchen. (S+V+介短,屬第Ⅰ類。)
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Ⅲ. 主詞+動詞+受詞
-
-
ex: She resembles with my mother. (X) → She resembles my mother. (O)
→ with my mother為副詞短語(介+名),resemble後面應直接接受詞(名詞)。
Ⅳ. 主詞+動詞+間受(人)+主受(物)
- 第Ⅳ類轉第Ⅲ類:
ex: I gave him money. → I gave money to him.
- 使用for的動詞:
Make, Buy (Build), Cook (Choose), Get, Order, Leave, Find
ex: I cooked him soup. → I cooked soup for him.
- ask是唯一用of的動詞:
ex: May I ask you a favor? → May I ask a favor of you?
Ⅴ. 主詞+動詞+受詞+補充語
(補充受詞)
- 只有名詞(代名詞)、形容詞可作補充語:
ex: The audience found the drummer's shots fun.
→此處fun是當形容詞補充說明the drummer's shouts。
- 感官動詞:受詞補語可用原V(Ving)
ex: I saw her clean(ing) the room.
- 使役動詞:受詞補語可原V(不可用Ving)
ex: My dad had me clean the car.
- have:當受詞和受詞補語是主動關係時且正在進行時:
ex: I had a kite flying high in the sky.
- 例外:get(to+原V)、help(原V)
ex: My mom got me to clean my room.
ex: The teahcer helped me study English.
Ⅰ. 主詞+動詞
- 副詞、介系詞短語、副詞短語
→修飾用(可有可無,句子前後都可插入。)
(Once upon a time,) a pretty girl lived (in the woods) (with her family).