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Stalked Bacteria - Coggle Diagram
Stalked Bacteria
Major groups
Caulobacter
a polar prostheca
REPRODUCTION
unequal binary fission
SWARMER CELL
STALK CELL
Hyphomicrobium
polar prostheca and divide by budding at the tip of it
MOTILITY
single flagellum
some species produce a holdfast located on the surface of the cell not at the tip of the prosthecae
REPRODUCTION
dimorphic life cycle
motile daughter must first form prostheca
a bud develops from the tip of prosthecae
NUTRITION
methylotrophic bacteria
preferred one carbon compound, primarily
methanol
use
serine pathway
for methanol assimilation
Polyprosthecate
several prosthecae per cells
EG: genus
Stella
has six prosthecae resembling a six-pointed star
Planctomyces
UNIQUE CHARCTERISTICS
lack peptidoglycan in the cell wall (mainly cystein and proline)
resistance to antibiotic that effect peptidoglycan synthesis
form crateriform structures (pits) on the cell surface
stalk is made of protein (no cytoplasm or cell wall)
LIFE CYCLE
dimorphic life cycle
sessile cell has holdfast for attachment
bud forms at the unattached poles
motile cell has a single subpolar flagellum
UNIQUE CHARCTERISTICS
form various kinds of cytoplasmic extrusions: stalks, hyphae, or appendages
EG: Prostheca
smaller in diameter than the mature cell
contains cytoplasm
bounded by cell wall
importance
for attachment
increase the surface area to volume ratio of the cell increased access to nutrients
increased surface area greater drag slows their settling out from the plankton
WHERE ?
aquatic
many prosthecate are free-floating
have gas vesicles- adaptation in planktonic existence
in nature many live attached to surfaces
their stalks or appendages serving as attachment sites
