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T 45 GREAT BRITAIN IN THE XVIII CENTURY - Coggle Diagram
T 45 GREAT BRITAIN IN THE XVIII CENTURY
1.INTRODUCTION
18th Age of Reason
17th Death Elizabeth I 1603, James I :crown:
Crisis, civil war, Cromwell, restoration monarchy 1660, Great Plague 1665, Great Fire of London 1666
2. THE POLITICAL WORLD
English hegemony: growth of industries and trade
Ministers: policy makers
Farmers became proletariat in cities
Established order :red_cross: French Revolution 1789 & French Revolutionary Wars 1793-1802 :crossed_swords:
Political changes: Parliamentary monarchy
Queen Anne, Last Stuarts, died 1714 :crown:
George of Hanover vs James III: Jacobite rising 1715
George I Hanover 1714 :crown:
Gov power increased: Robert Walpole & limits to monarchy
George II 1727 :crown:
George III 1760 :crown:
Sugar Act 1764
Boston Tea Party 1773
American War of Independence 1775-1783
3. SOCIO-ECONOMIC WORLD
Period of migrations, population growth and changes social organization
Land of small villages 1700
Wonder of Europe and 4 main classes :cityscape:
Enclosures :camping: damaging, villagers moved city :arrow_forward: unemployment
Industrial Revolution: changes in agriculture, textile and metal manufacture, transport and economic policies.
4. CULTURE
Augustan Age, Age of Reason and Enlightenment
Literary life: coffeehouses :coffee:
Literary trends
Increase literary criticism
Decline contemporary drama
Reaction to Augustan neoclassicism in poetry
Attraction to fantastic, exotic and primitive
Desire to improve language, Samuel Johnson
Rise of the novel :star:
Literary influences:
Journalism
Travel literature
Parallel art forms
Letter writing
Restoration Tragedy & Comedy of Manners
Picaresque convention
Mock romance and knight errant
Other influences:
Puritanism
Rise middle class
Scientific philosophy
5. GREAT NOVELISTS
Defoe
1660-1731
London, middle class, self-made man, travel EU
The Succession of the Crown
1701
During Queen Anne,
The Review
Father of Journalism :newspaper:
Creation of characters :star: in uncommon circumstances, solitaries and ordinary
Robinson Crusoe
1719 :desert_island: physical and spiritual survival
Moll Flanders
1722 First social historian
Roxana
1724 criminal biography
Swift
1667-1745
Dublin, Trinity College, secretary Sir Temple, chaplain Lord Berkeley
Early works are satire on corruption and political writing Tories & mature works best ones :star:
Gulliver's Travels
1726 :boat: satire and comic realism
Fielding
1707-1754
Studied Eton, plays and then novel. Founder of Novel :writing_hand::skin-tone-3:
Picaresque :star: picaro and individuality
Tom Jones
1748 comic scenes with romantic ones
Amelia
1751 1st novel of the Victorian Age
Richardson
1689-1761
Derbyshire, London, North End, teller stories, ladies aristocracy :love_letter: Founder of Novel :writing_hand::skin-tone-3:
Letters Written to and for Particular Friends, on the most Important Occasions
1741 morally instructive, little education
Pamela
1740 Epistolary technique :star:
Clarissa
1748 Epistolary novel
Sterne
1713-1768
Studied Cambridge, Yorkshire as clergyman
The Life and Opinions of Tristan Shandy Gentleman
1759-1767 break conventions, digressive structure, fictionalized author :star:
6. CONCLUSION
IR overproduction trade Empire
Rise of Novel