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Women Employment - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Committee on the Status of Women in India
      - submitted report
        
        Toward Equality
        
        to UN
        
        focused on
        
        women-sensitive policymaking in India
        
        provide
        
        fresh perspective on gender equality.
    - - analysing condition of women
      - State-led empowerment
    - - Though the work
        
        she does is real
        
        in terms of efforts
        
        and its visible output
        
        it is not monetised
      - social structure
        
        gives her little space
        
        to do her own things
        
        Most women continue
        
        in abusive relationship
        
        because
        
        don´t have way out
        
        financially dependent
        
        on their partner
      - women
        
        encouraged and helped to reach
        
        their full potential through
        
        education,
        
        access and opportunities of work
        
        harassment-free workplaces
      - SC Judgement
        
        In Arun Kumar Agrawal v. National Insurance Company (2010)
        
        not acknowledged
        
        contribution of the housewives
        
        as invaluable
        
        observed
        
        cannot be computed
        
        in term of money
        
        Her gratuitous services
        
        rendered with true love
        
        and affection
        
        cannot be equated
        
        with services
        
        rendered by others
  - - - globally women perform
        
        76.2% of total hours of unpaid care work
        
        more than three times as much as men
      - In Asia and the Pacific
        
        figure rises to 80%.
    - - women
        
        employed before lockdown were 23.5%
        
        less likely to be re-employed
        
        compared to men
- - - - not translating into employment
      - female employment
        
        trends don´t resonate
        
        high economic growth, low fertility
        
        rise in female schooling
    - - wrt women issues
      - acknowledge
        
        neither gender wage gap
        
        nor non-payment of wages
        
        ignore informal (women workers)
        
        in term of social security
        
        insurance, PF,
        
        maternity benefits, or gratuity
      - women in night shifts
        
        there is little focus
        
        on accountability
        
        and responsibility
      - protection from
        
        sexual harassment
        
        at workplace is missing.
  - - - WEF
        
        global gender gap report ranks
        
        India at 149 among 153 countries
      - in term of women´s
        
        economic participation and opportunity
    - - PLFS in 2018-19
        
        Periodic Labour Force Survey
        
        women faced decline
        
        in labour participation rates
        
        from (2011-2019)
        
        in rural areas
        
        from 35.8% to 26.4%
        
        stagnation
        
        in urban areas
        
        at around 20.4%
    - - gender wage gap
        
        highest in Asia
      - women 34% below men
      - according to a 2019 Oxfam report
      - stifles
        
        women´s labour force participation
        
        despite guarantees
        
        India’s Equal Remuneration Act, 1976.
    - - employs nearly 60% of women
      - form
        
        bulk of landless labourers
        
        with no
        
        credit access
        
        subsidies, little equipment
        
        and lack of social security measures
    - - only about 13%
        
        women tillers owned
        
        their land in 2019
    - - in Manufacturing Sector
      - employs
        
        informally around 14% of femal labour force
    - - dominates women´s participation in service sector
      - According
        
        National Sample Survey, 2005
        
        over 60%
        
        4.75 million domestic workers are women
    - - As per NSS
        
        women spend (unpaid) 3 times
        
        than men in household work
    - - According to WHO
        
        70% of world´s
        
        healthcare and social workers
        
        women
        
        In India
        
        women are indispensable
        
        as frontline ASHA workers
        
        but they are underpaid
        
        and overworked
    - - Internet users were 67% male
      - and 33% female
      - this gap is even
        
        bigger in rural areas
- - - - disregard women´s work conditions
    - - giant proportion of Indian´s workforce
      - both paid and unpaid