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Chapter 2 - Coggle Diagram
Chapter 2
Loss Labels & Definitions
"
Hearing Impaired
" - Refers to all different types of hearing loss
"
Congenital
" - Deaf before [or] at birth
"
Prelingually deaf
" - Not spoken nor heard language (including ASL/household signs) before deaf
"
Postlingually deaf
" - Those who already sign or speak before becoming deaf
"
Hard-of-Hearing
" - Those who benefit from hearing aids, assisted listening devices.
Some only hear high [or] low frequencies ('th'/'s')
"
Mapping
" - Appropriate sound level adjustments to Cochlear Implant by Audiologists
Conductive Loss
Outer & middle ear (uses Otoscope)
Not fully open, earwax, Q-Tip puncture, infections, malformations
Usually Temporary
Fixed with medicine [or] surgeries
Standardized list of words
"Acoustic Immittance Measures"
Sensorineural Loss
Inner/Inside ear
Limited to cochlea inside inner ear connecting to auditory nerve
Cochlea - Looks like small snail / size of pea
Transmits sound from middle of ear to auditory nerve
20,000 hairs inside the cochlea
Cannot be repaired by medicine [or] medical intervention / permanent
Acquired Loss
Happens after birth
External factors: Meningitis, Ménière disease, Rubella, premature birth, fetal alcohol syndrome, naturally aging
Notated Acronyms
CHC - Centeer for Hearing and Communication
EHDI - Eearly Hearing Detection and Intervention
NCHAM - The National Center for Hearing
Assessment and Management
DCF - Department of Children and Families
CRISPR - Gene Editing Kit for soon-to-be parents
LSL - Listening and Spoken Language
AABR - Automated Auditory Brainstem Response
UNHS - Universal Newborn Hearing Screening program(s)
Decibals (dB)
10-15dB = normal hearing
16-25dB = slight hearing loss
41-55+dB = moderate hearing loss
56-70dB = moderately severe hearing loss
71-90dB = severe hearing loss
91dB = profound hearing loss
DEAF (puffed cheeks)
loosely translated “truly Deaf” “so Deaf”
Loudness is measured by dB
Cochlear Implant
Controversies
Inspiration Porn (Stella Young) - superficial pleasure / gratification for the reader / watcher
Painful tics caused by electrical stimulation,
vertigo, death, facial paralysis, post-op infection
Cost (up front and hidden), appointments,
transportation, time off work/education
rehabilitation, physical therapy, training
Limited On: Swimming, scuba, rollercoasters, sports,
travel (TSA)
Invasive Surgery
Profits, Honesty, Contracts
(1984) FDA approved
(1990) 2yo approved
(2002) 12month olds approved
Forced to undergo surgery
Not knowing why they were being admitted to surgery
Side Effects:
Irregular ear location
vertigo, headaches,
facial paralysis
"Aural Rehabilitation"
History
Beliefs
: punishment, manifesting demonic origins,
predetermined by the Gods
Babies
: abandoned, killed, imprisoned
Treatments
: hot oil with boiled worms in ear
operation to 'unleash' tongue, forced shouting causing ear/mouth bleeding to 'awaken hearing'
Get-Rich-Quick
: magnetic head caps, vibrating machines,
artificial ear drum, blowers, inhalers, massagers, magic oils,
creams, hit on head till fractured (charlatan-healers),
white hot iron poked into area behind ear (infections)
Eugenics / Genocide
Hearing Aids
Unable to block out background noise/reverberation
Ability to speak but not hear (different skills)
Ability to hear a man but not a woman speak (different frequencies)
Ability to hear a dog bark but not a conversation (different dB)
First hearing aid (1936)
First hearing aid to be worn on body (1950)
Schools require hearing aids (1960-1980)
Today
~48 Million with
hearing challenges
400 different genes
Connexin 26
- Family genres passed through generations to cause hearing loss
Hunter's Syndrome
- Deafness and other disabilities (growth failure)
Usher Syndrome
- Deafness and progressive blindness
Waardenburg Syndrome
- Deafness and pigment abnormalities
Presbycusis
- Changes in hearing levels, particularly higher frequencies as one ages
Audiologists / Audiology: to measure
the degree, type, configuration
Tests
Hearing / Pure Tone Audiometry
Frequency Fluctuation
Low / High Tones
Audiograms: measure dB 0-120
and pitch 125-8000 cycles
X= Left Ear; O=Right Ear
Referrals: are for assisted listening devices,
speech/language counseling,
further audiologic rehabilitation
Hearing Aids
behind/inside ear [or] frames of glasses,
digital, can eliminate background/environmental noises
and amplify specific sounds/voices
Genetic Selection
Worlds & Identities
Hearing World
"Hearing People"
"Hearing" / "Hearing World"
Fast-food drive-throughs
loudspeakers, concert halls,
automated registers
May have never seen an Audiologist
Deaf World
"Deaf" / "deaf"
"DeafBlind" / "Deaf Disabled"
"Hard-of-Hearing" / "Little Hard-of-Hearing"
"Late-Deafened"
DDBDDHHLD
Acquired stacks of Audiograms
Countless Audiologists
Linguistic Homogamy
Ethnic Homogamy
Chelsee Patterson
Chapter 2 12/23/2020