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Topic 7: Ethics and good governance in Public Administration, Group…
Topic 7: Ethics and good governance in Public Administration
Governance is defined as the exercise of political power to manage a nation's affairs by the Africa-Study
Concept of Good Governance
Concerned with the management of the development process
involves both public and private sectors
to improve governance and a sound development management
Includes the functioning and capability of
Public sector
Rules and regulations
Create framework for conduct of public and private business
Accountability for economic and financial performance
Regulatory frameworks relating to companies, corporations and partnerships.
Pillars of good governance
Participatory
Participation could be either direct or through legitimate intermediate institutions or representatives.
Participation needs to be informed and organized.
Consessus Oriented
There are several actors and as many view points in a given society.
Good governance requires mediation of the different interests in society to reach a broad consensus in society on what is in the best interest of the whole community and how this can be achieved.
It also requires a broad and long-term perspective on what is needed for sustainable human development and how to achieve the goals of such development.
This can only result from an understanding of the historical, cultural and social contexts of a given society or community
Accountable
Not only governmental institutions but also the private sector and civil society organizations must be accountable to the public and to their institutional stakeholders.
Who is accountable to whom varies depending on whether decisions or actions taken are internal or external to an organization or institution.
In general an organization or an institution is accountable to those who will be affected by its decisions or actions.
Accountability cannot be enforced without transparency and the rule of law
Transparent
Transparency means that decisions are taken and their enforcement are done in a manner that follows rules and regulations.
It also means that information is freely available and directly accessible to those who will be affected by such decisions and their enforcement
It also means that enough information is provided and that it is provided in easily understandable forms and media.
Responsive
Good governance requires that institutions and processes try to serve all stakeholders within a reasonable timeframe.
Equitable & inclusive
A society’s well being depends on ensuring that all its members feel that they have a stake in it and do not feel excluded from the mainstream of society.
This requires all groups, but particularly the most vulnerable, have opportunities to improve or maintain their well being.
Follows the rule of law
Good governance requires fair legal frameworks that are enforced impartially.
It also requires full protection of human rights, particularly those of minorities.
Impartial enforcement of laws requires an independent judiciary and an impartial and incorruptible police force
Effective & efficient
Good governance means that processes and institutions produce results that meet the needs of society while making the best use of resources at their disposal.
The concept of efficiency in the context of good governance also covers the sustainable use of natural resources and the protection of the environment.
Importance of Good governance
Promote Community Confidence
People will have confidence in their government If the decision made are transparent & in accountable way
Helps people feel that govt. will act in the community's interest
Encourage local govt. to remember that they are acting on behalf of their community
Helps to understand the importance of having open & ethical processes
Leads to better decision
Decision that are informed by good information & data
by stakeholder views
by open & honest debate will reflect the broad interest of the community
Support ethical decision making
Government creates an environment where elected members and council officers know what is the right thing they need to do when making decision
Leads to people's participation
Govt. responsible to ensure people who are poor and needy are able to participate in political process
Inclusiveness & equity encompass political process
Challenges of Good Governance
Entrenched/well established nature of corruption
poor understanding of anti-corruption concepts such as integrity, transparency and accountability.
Lack of cooperation among the main
actors
need for greater cooperation to strengthen the national integrity system
Incomplete integrity system-absence
of strong public watchdog agencies
limited power and resources to play an effective role in combating corruption
Political interference in the work of
public and private watchdog agencies
interference can sometimes
influence the way governance operate through sensitive issue
Implementation gap between legal
reform and institutional practice
many of these legislative reforms lack of proven mechanism in responsibility and transparency
Group members:
1) Muhd Haiqal bin Morshidi (2020737201)
2) Nur Syifa Fasihah Bt Abdul Latif (2020501609)
3) Azida Aizin Bt Zainal Abidin (2020961121)
4) Sumaiyah Syahidah Bt Juanda (2020146439)