Anthropology Theories

Structural Linguistics

Materialism 🥘

Functionalism 👷

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Marx, Engels Engels-Marx

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According to Harris, culture develops in three stages;

The Infrastructure A society's material resources - technology, population, available land, etc.

The Structure A society's familial, political, economic, and social systems

The Superstructure A society's ideas, values, symbols, and religion

the theory states that materials or conditions within the environment influence how a culture develops, creating the ideas and ideology of a culture

Malinowski Bronislawmalinowski

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Functional theory is the idea that every belief, action, or relationship in a culture functions to meet the needs of individuals.

study of human languages and how language affects and expresses culture focusing on language as a system of interrelated structures

Noam Chomsky
220px-Noam_Chomsky_(1977)

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Feminist Anthropology 👩

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Beginning in the 1970s, feminist anthropologists re-examined anthropology to ensure that female voices were heard and included in research, They also compared cultures to see how many were dominated by men, how many were dominated by women, and how many were egalitarian.

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Ernestine Friedl, an American feminist anthropologist concluded in forager societies, the amount of freedom women had was strongly tied to their contributions to the food supply.

Androcentrism: “deeply held cultural bias to view the male as intellectually, spiritually, and physically superior to the female”

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individuals have physiological needs and that social institutions exist to meet these needs.

Interdependence

Long-term survival

Functions

argued societies go through the several stages, from tribalism to feudalism to capitalism to communism.

Posessions

Consiousness

the theory of universal grammar: that all human children are born with internal, universal rules for grammar and that they apply these rules as they learn their mother tongue.

language is a basic instinct

Universal grammar

Instinct

Structural

climate

food supply

geography

Feminist Anthropology is an approach to anthropology that seeks to reduce male bias in research findings, anthropological hiring practices, and the scholarly production of knowledge

Feminism

Post modern

Liberal

female identity and issues faced by women

gender roles

gender bias

gender relationships

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reason why we can recognize grammatically correct yet nonsensical phrases such as,

“colorless green ideas sleep furiously.”

Health - Hygiene

Bodily Comforts - Protection