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INTRODUCTION TO PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE (LIFE CYCLE OF A SOFTWARE PROJECT AND…
INTRODUCTION TO PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE
GENERATION OF A SOFTWARE PROJECT PHASES
Machine language is the only programming language that the computer can understand directly without translation. It is a language made up of entirely 1s and 0s. There is not, however, one universal machine language because the language must be written in accordance with the special characteristics of a given processor. Each type or family of processor requires its own machine language
In the computer’s first generation, programmers had to use machine language because no other option was available. Machine language programs have the advantage of very fast execution speeds and efficient use of primary memory
2nd Generation of programming languages
The first step in making software development easier and more efficient was the creation of Assembly languages. They are also classified as low-level languages because detailed knowledge of hardware is still required. They were developed in 1950s. Assembly languages use mnemonic operation codes and symbolic addresses in place of 1s and 0s to represent the operation codes.
3rd Generation of programming languages
Third generation languages, also known as high-level languages, are very much like everyday text and mathematical formulas in appearance. They are designed to run on a number of different computers with few or no changes.
FUNDAMENTAL OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES
There are hundreds of programming languages available. This is a partial list of the more popular ones or languages of a historical importance. Regardless of which one you pick as your favorite. you can be sure that it will provide certain. capabilities that are universal across. the programming spectrum. There must be constructs for expressing. the calculations and operations that. our code needs to perform. Programs also need to make decisions. based on their input. Sometimes you'll need to perform tasks repeatedly. These are essential features, and are time tested. and are key to writing any application
LIFECYCLE OF A SOFTWARE PROJECT PHASES
An IT project life cycle includes the following phases, which are based loosely on the six phases of the Project Management Institute's software project life cycle :
Requirements and analysis
Requirements describe the problems that need to be solved and the objectives of the project. Analysis is conducted to explore the relationships among the components of the products or systems that meet the requirements.
Architecture
The architecture phase identifies the elements that will be included in the products or systems. The architect reviews business requirements and identifies technical solutions. The project stakeholders analyze the options so they can choose the most efficient and effective solution. For example, the architect will define the data structure and report layout.
Design
The design can be completed in two parts: high-level and detailed. The high-level design explains how the components of the products or systems will technically work, how they will interact with other components, and how they will interact with the hardware and software
Construction
Construction is the activity where the team is developing the code or building the components.
STANDARDS AND BEST PRACTICES
Operational standards
There are a number of standards which can help with the development of an operational model for digital preservation.
Technical standards
There are specific advantages to using standards for the technical aspects of a digital preservation programme, primarily in relation to metadata and file formats
LIFE CYCLE OF A SOFTWARE PROJECT AND PROGRAMMING
• Is a process that ensures good software is built.
• Is a set of steps or phases that are used to develop a program in any programming language
Generally, program development life cycle contains 6 phases :
Maintenance
Testing & Debugging
Coding & Documentation
Algorithm Development
Problem Analysis
Problem Definition
life cycle has its own process and deliverables that feed into the next phase. There are typically 5 phases starting with the analysis and requirements gathering and ending with the implementation.
