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Central America 1800-1860 ("Since independence, N-A & EUR…

- - - - 1826-9: Civil War
        
        1930s: Radical liberalism under Morazán
        
        1837: cholera epidemic, riots, Carrera
        
        1940-2: Defeat of Morazán, end of federation
        
        1850s: emphasis of state sovereignty
        
        1860
        
        2 more items...
        
        Liberals continued to try to gain territory in CA, influence of Walker
        
        Cultural and political tone of conservatives: traditional Hispanic Catholic values, no capitalism, return to subsistence agriculture, concern to protect Indian/Ladino communal lands. After 1840s, more exports: indigo, cochineal, then coffee, cotton. Little trade between CA states
        
        Pro-Hispanism = nationalism in 5 states
        
        Conservative Carrera in and out of Guate, more pw. Powerful caudillo.
        
        Conservatives wrote manifesto, coalition with cons. But the extremes kept fighting (conservative guerrillas vs Morazán), emergence of caudillos
        
        Conservatives more for local pw., wanted separation
        
        "Convinced that Spanish colonialism was at the root of their underdevelopment, they sought to destroy Hispanic institutions and to emulate the "success" of the US". But lower classes opposed this. (no protection for weaving industry, taxes, forced labor for infrastructure, promotion of private acquisition of public/communal lands + sold to foreigners)
        
        Between March&August 1834, Guate ceded nearly 100% of its public land to foreign colonization companies. Growing resentment in pop: favoring foreigners/colonists?
        
        Anticlericalism + religious freedom. Priests railed against govt who challenged their authority, brought protestants, attacked sacred institutions...
        
        Authoritarianism
        
        Civil war in ESA/Guate/Hond b/c cons were kicking libs out. Morazán (lib) won & revenge against cons, radical liberal legislation.
      - Mexico was in anarchy. After trying to regain ESA with troops, it failed, and CA liberal congress declared the "Provincias unidas del Centro de América".
        
        At the time, 65% Indian, 31% Ladino, 4% White
        
        In 1824, new constitution with more compromise between libs and cons. Jose del Valle.
        
        In 1825, libs and cons fight a lot. Liberals want separation, less powerful church, more secularization, capitalism. Influence of protestants.
    - - San Sal, Granada, Costa Rica, Tegu wonder: annexation to Mexico? Republic Federation? Annexation to the US?