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Chap 1.2 - JallianwalaBagh, Khilafat & Non-Cooperation (Khilafat…
Chap 1.2 - JallianwalaBagh, Khilafat & Non-Cooperation
Jallianwala Bagh
This infamous incident took place on April 13th, 1919
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Others came from villages to attend the annual Baisaki fair, unaware of the Martial Law imposed by General Dyer
Dyer entered the area, closed the exit points, opened fire on the crowds, killing hundreds
He claimed his aim was to "produce a moral effect", to create a feeling of terror in the minds of the satyagrahis
Effect of J. Bagh
As the news of the Jallianwalla Bagh spread, crowds took to the streets in many North Indian towns
There were strikes, clashes with the police and attacks on government buildings
The government responded brutally - satyagrahis were forced to rub their noses on the ground, do salaam to all sahibs, people were flogged and villages bombed
Seeing violence spread, Gandhiji called off the movement
Khilafat Movement
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For this, Hindu-Muslim unity was essential
To achieve this, he decided to take up the Khilafat issue
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There were rumors that a harsh treaty was going to be imposed on the Ottoman emperor, the spiritual head of the Islamic world (Khalifa)
To defend the Khalifa's powers, a Khilafat Committee was formed in Bombay
Muslim leaders like the brothers,Muhammad Ali & Shaukat Ali started discussing with Gandhiji about the possibility of a united action against the issue
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He convinced other leaders of the Congress to support a non-cooperation movement in support of Khilafat & Swaraj