C4 - Extracting Metals

Biological methods of extraction

Life Cycle Assessment

Displacement

Reactivity Series

Phytoextraction

Bioloeaching

Disadvantage - It is a slow process.

Advantage - Does not need high temperatures

Advantage - Absorbs mineral ions through their roots.

Disadvantage - Produces toxic substances

Potassium, Sodium, Calcium, Magnesium, Aluminium, Carbon,
Zinc, Iron, Tin,
Lead, Copper, Silver, Gold

4 Factors

Manufacture

Product use

Choice of Material

Disposal

Recycling

Advantage - Less plastic goes into the water and pollutes it

Advantage - Re-use materials and components that no one wants

Disadvantage - Not many people do it

Disadvantage - Increased environmental problems

The reason iron is extracted by carbon is because it is more reactive so it reduces its electrons.

The reason calcium cannot be extracted by carbon is because it is more reactive than carbon so it needs to be extracted by electrolysis.

Haber Process

Equation = nitrogen + hydrogen Equilibrium symbol ammonia
N2(g) + 3H2(g) Equilibrium symbol 2NH3(g)

Conditions

450 degrees C

200 pressure

Iron Catalyst