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SOB (Others (PSY (anxiety, pain, Hyperventilation), Neuro/ MSK (GBS/ MG,…
SOB
Others
Neuro/ MSK
GBS/ MG
Brainstem stroke
Anaemia / methglobinemia
PSY
anxiety
pain
Hyperventilation
Endocrine
Thyroid
DKA
Drugs/intervention (amiodarone, RT etc.)
pulmonary fibrosis
acidosis
sepsis
Fluid overload (AoCKD, liver failure)
Anaphylaxis
Pain
Respiratory
Obstructive
COPD, Bronchiectasis, Asthma, airway cough syndrome
Restrictive
ILD (drugs, RA, RT)/ Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis/ pneumoconiosis
Pneumothorax/
Pulmonary Embolism (no signs)
/ fat embolism
Infection (localize source)
Pneumonia
pleuritis
bronchitis
- post-viral wheeze
aspiration
pleural effusion IS NOT A DIAGNOSIS - look for underlying cause
- TB NO SIGNS!
Structural
Tracheomalacia
Malignancy
Anaphylaxis (allergy)
Foreign body
Epiglottitis
acute pulmonary edema/ pulmonary HTN/ pleural effusion
Drug-induced pneumonitis
CVS
CCF (cardiomyopathy)
Valvular disease
Arrhythmia
ACS/ cardiac ischaemia (CVRF)
NO SIGNS!
Pericardial effusion/ pericarditis/ cardiac tamponade
Aortic dissection
Vasculitis
Inx:
I would like to complete my patient encounter by doing a cardiovascular and respiratory physical examination
For investigations, I would like to classify them according to bedside monitoring, blood, radiological and special tests.
Closely monitor his vital signs to ensure haemodynamic stability, do a bedside ABG to
Acute: ACS, lung infection, asthma/COPD, pulmonary embolism, pneumothorax, anaphylaxis/tracheomalacia, acute pulmonary edema, GBS, DKA, anaemia
'Chronic: TB, mycoplasma, asthma/COPD, ILD, lung cancer, CHF, anaemia
VASCULAR RISK FACTORS
Airway vs ventilation