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C1 - Atomic structure and the Periodic table (Periodic table (The modern…
C1 - Atomic structure and the Periodic table
Atoms
everything is made up of atoms, they are too small to see with a microscope
they contain protons, neutrons and electrons
electrons
they are negatively charged and tiny
the volume of their orbits determines on the size of the atom
they have bascily no mass- 9.1x10^-31
move around the nucleus in electron shells
the nucleaus
it has a radius of around 1x10^-14
has a positive charge because of the protons
located in the middle of the atom
almost the whole mass of a atom is concentrated in the nucleas
it contains protons and neutrons
atoms have a radius of about 0.1 nano meters
number of protons = number of electrons
this meas atoms neutral as the same amount of positive charged protons as negative charge on the electrons cancel each other out
an ion has a different number of protons to neutrons, this means that it has an over all charge
e.g. an ion with a positive with 2- charge has more electrons that protons
Atomic number and mass number "describe" an atom
The atomic number tells you how many protons there are
The mass number tells you how many protons and neutrons there are in the atom
The nuclear symbol of an atom tells you its atomic (proton) number and mass number
To get the number of neutrons just subtract the atomic number from the atomic mass
Elements
Elements are substances made up of atoms with that all have same number of protons in their nucleus or in other they consist of atoms with the same atomic number.
Compounds
Chemical Equations
Mixtures and Chromatography
More separation techniques
Distilation
Electronic structure
Periodic table
The modern periodic table
History of the atom
Metals and non metals
Development of the periodic table
Group 1 elements
Group 7 elements