Structure of Woody Plants
Vascular Cambium 
Secondary Xylem
Outer Bark
Types of Wood Cells
Radial System
Axial System
Derived from the fusiform intials
Developed from ray intials
Phelloderm
Periderm
Cork Cell
Axial Parenchyma
Temporary reservoir of water
Ray Parenchyma
Stores carbohydrates and other nutrients during dormant periods
Prevents loss of water and the entry of pathogens
Parenchyma cells produced to the inside by the cork cambium, only a layer or two formed, phelloderm isn't present in all species
Consists of cork, cork cambium, and any enclosed tissues such as secondary phloem
Is a meristem that produces the secondary plant body
Interfascicular Cambium
Fascicular Cambium
Growth Rings
The portion of the vascular cambium that develops within the vascular bundle
The portion of the vascular cambium that develops from parenchyma cells located between vascular bundles
Late Wood
Early Wood
Upright Cells
Procumbent Cells
Spring wood, have a high proportion of wide vessels
Summer wood, have a low proportion of vessels
Diffuse Porous
Has vessels located throughout it
Ring Porous
Species with vessels restricted to mainly early wood
Ex. Yellow birch, aspen, sugar maple, and American holly
Ex. Red oak, sassafras, and honey locust
These cells are tall and typically have extensive cross-field pitting
These cells are long and have little or no cross-field pitting