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Chapter 8: Structure of Woody Plants (anomalous forms of growth (include…

- - - - produced into mature parenchyma layer
        
        phelloderm
      - also called phellogen
      - cuboidal cells
      - outer bark
        
        all tissue outside of he innermost cork cambium
      - inner bark
        
        secondary phloem between vascular cambium and innermost cork cambium
- - - - meristem that produce secondary plant body
      - monocots
        
        absent in all species
        
        some have anomalous secondary growth
      - euidots
        
        present in many species
        
        many are herbs
      - gymnosperms
        
        present in all species
      - basal angiosperms
        
        present in many species
        
        many are herbs
    - - fusiform initials
        
        long tapered cells
      - ray initials
        
        short, less cuboidal cells
    - - between vascular bundles
      - resume mitosis
      - some mature parenchyma cells
    - - cells continue to divide rather than maturing
  - - - grouped together in short vertical rows
    - - regular horizontal growth
- - - - responsible for vertical conduction
    - - responsible for horizontal conduction
- - - - growth ring
      - 1 ring=1 year
      - tells age of tree
  - - - derived from ray initials
      - parenchyma and tracheids are present
    - - hardwoods
        
        lacks fibers
      - derived from fusiform initials
      - angiosperm woods contain
        
        large amounts of fibers
      - contains tracheas and/or vessel elements
    - - parenchyma
      - fibers
      - tracheids
      - vessel elements
      - sclerids
- - - - parenchyma cells undergo rapid cell division and produce narrow cells