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Genetic maipulation issues (Plants :sunflower: (Tobacco and Maise (:check…
Genetic maipulation issues
Microorganisms
E coli
:check:Make growth hormones to treat dwarfism :sunflower:
:red_cross:Escape into wild
Spread antibiotic resistance
(Bred not to survive outside labs)
:check:Make insulin to treat diabetes
Viruses
:check:Viruses engineered not to be harmful used to make vaccines
Still have antigens
:check:Vectors in gene therapy
:red_cross:Allele may be inserted wrong and increase cancer risk
Plants :sunflower:
Tobacco and Maise
:check:Produce their own pesticides
Pesticides don't have to be sprayed, contaminating other organisms
:red_cross:Bt (toxin produced) is toxic:skull: to monarch butterflies :butterfly:
(Has no effect on butterflies since they don't feed from tobacco plants)
Soya Beans
:check:Herbicide resistant
Competing weeds can be killed without affecting the beans :fallen_leaf:
:red_cross:Resistant gene could spread
Superweeds
Golden Rice
:check:Rice is engineered to be higher in beta carotene to stop children going blind in India
:red_cross:Farmers would have to buy seeds each year
Free linences given to replant the seeds
Plantains
:banana:
:check:Plantains can have more zinc where little meat is eaten
:red_cross: Fears that foreign genes in food will be expressed in humans
(we digest other genes :ok:)
Pest resistant crops
:check: No need to use pesticides
Better for human health
No exposure to pesticides
Better for the environment
:red_cross: Farmers might not want GM seeds
(Company also sells non GM seeds)
Mice
:check:Medical research
Breast/ prostate cancer
Find function of genes
:red_cross:Objections to animal testing
(Strict welfare restrictions in place)
Pharmeceutical proteins
Gene to treat emphysema inserted into sheep/ goats :sheep:
Human protein expressed in milk
:red_cross:Welfare of animals
(Animals are valuble :arrow_forward: well looked after)
Silk
:spider:Spider genes given to goats
Silk protein in milk
Welfare of goats
Silk used for cables, stitches, and artificial limbs