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Macro evolution (Fossil Record (documents the rise and fall of different…

- - - - when, where, and how long a gene is expressed and allowed to function
      - threespine stickleback fish
        
        marine species have spines on lower surface
        
        lake species don't have spines
        
        gene sequence is the same between the two species but the expression is different
    - - gene sequence change
      - happens through duplication and divergence
      - original gene still exists and functions, and the copy is able to develop new functions
      - Artemis Ubx gene: promotes leg formation in trunk of body
        Gene accumulates mutations and becomes Drosophila Ubx: suppresses leg formation in trunk
- - - - removes gene pools from the Earth
      - recovery is a long process to get to same level of diversity
      - disrupts the interactions within communities
      - promotes adaptive radiation
  - - - alters habitats
      - ecosystem climate change because of new location
      - leads to allopatric speciation
      - helps explain fossil distribution on a global scale
      - causes extinction as well as the opportunity for new organisms to survive in the habitat