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Chapter 5: Policy Recommendation (2. Components of Policy Recommendation…
Chapter 5: Policy Recommendation
1. Policy Recommendation
A written policy advice/ suggestion prepared for the consideration of some group that has authority to make policy decision such as:
Cabinet
Council
Committee
Usually prepared by govt dept/ agency responsible to solve the policy problem
At Fed level, it is presented by minister/ dept approved by Cabinet
Characteristic of Good Policy Recommendation Paper
well structured
well defined purpose, target group for the problem
concise (mentions specific ministry responsible)
readable (well-written)
accurate (internal/ external environment)
clear (logic, relatable, future goal-planning
2. Components of
Policy Recommendation Proposal
C2: Policy options
(alternative)
Suggest the possible alternatives can be considered to solve the problem
Generally 3-5 options
C1:Introduction
To convince the decision makers on the background of the problem
To justify why the policy decision is required
Define the problem
State the purpose of the recommendation ie to change, new, or terminate policy
Justify the need for policy
C3: Policy Option Analysis
b) Risk Analysis
Refers to the combination of likelihood, consequences/ negative effect of policy
Thoroughly assessed by any concerned body before adoption
Include health risk, death, injury, loss, environmental, safety, peace
Type of risk analysis
b) Threat analysis
anything that contribute to tampering, destruction, interruption service/ value
Split into human, nonhuman elements
a) Analysis of acceptable risk
whether the existing policy is adequate
If inadequate, assumed vulnerability
c) Feasibility Analysis
Involve process of evaluating, analyzing policy potential to support decision making
To objectively uncover SWOT of policy option
Focusing on economic values
Types of Feasibility Analysis
Political (outcome of proposed solution)
Economic and financial (net benefit)
Administrative (law compliance)
Technical (staff, organization involved)
Socio culture (impact on country)
a) Cost-Benefit Analysis
Express the efficiency in terms of monetary value
Using the principle of utilitarian, number of happiness to most number of people
Analyse cost > benefit > assign values > allocate discount rate > compare cost and benefit > decide options which maximize benefit, minimize cost.
To tell the policy makers methods of analysis done for every alternatives
To advice on the advantages/ disadvantages of alternatives
C4: Policy Recommendation
To recommend the most appropriate alternative
Recommendation made based on conclusion of analysis of policy option done
C5: Conclusion
To indicate the benefit should the option be adopted and implemented
eg: Early education will be more accessible to the poor family through Tadika Kemas
C6: Implementation Suggestion
Indicate the various agency that will be responsible in implementing the policy option should it is accepted.
3. Policy Recommendation
Process
An administrative process
Involve non-political executives from various level
Relevant ministries will prepare the policy recommendation proposal
Several committee appointed > consultants appointed
Present final draft to the relevant Council for review (National Development Council/ National Economic Council)
Amended draft after review to be submitted to the Cabinet for approval
To submit to the Cabinet for approval:
Relevant agencies to get ministerial consent to submit policy recommendation to the central agency, Cabinet
Assuming submission is allowed
The concerned Minister submit the amended policy for approval of the relevant Central Agency or Cabinet
4. Factors Influence Successful Policy Recommendation
1. Content of the proposal
must be technically sound
2. Cost to implement the policy
must be reasonable
3. Deliberation
4. Recommendation is politically accetable
5. Popular support/ Public consent
Public will accept and comply if it is implemented