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Chapter 12: Transport Processes (short distance intercellular transport…
Chapter 12: Transport Processes
Diffusion, Osmosis, and Active Transport
diffusion
movement of particles from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration
known as osmosis
three types of membranes
completely impermeable
do not allow all solutes to pass through
freely permeable
allows all solutes to pass through
selectively permeable
allow only certain particles to pass through
Long Distance Transport
phloem
pressure flow hypothesis
membrane bound molecular pumps and active transport are postulated to be the important driving forces
actively transported
spices and sugars are transported to sieve elements
mass transfer
amount of sugar and other nutrients transported by phloem per hour
polymer trap mechanism
conducting cell plasma membranes are permeable to monosaccarides but not to polysaccharides
xylem
transstomatal transpiration
water loss
cohesion tension hypothesis
widely accepted mode of process
transcuticular transpiration
water loss through the cuticle
water potential
osmotic potential
the effect that plants have on water potential
metric potential
waters adhesion to non-dissolved structures
pressure potential
the effect pressure has on water potential
short distance intercellular transport
transfer cells
walls are smooth on the outer surface but have finger-like outgrowths on the inner surface
apoplasts
most small molecules can move easily through both the wall and their intercellular space
symplast
all of the protoplasm of one plant can be considered one countinous mass
guard cells
opening and closing of stomatal pores are based on short distance intercellular transport
motor cells
similar to guard cells
accumulate or expel potassium adjusting their water potential and turgidty
