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Geosphere image (Layers of…
Geosphere
Layers of the geosphere
Crust
The thinnest
Two types :
Oceanic
Continental
Eath's surface
Mantle
Periodite (common rock )
Solid but soft
Interior of Earth
Core
Nickel and iron ( make)
The hottest
Two parts
Inner core
Solid
Outer core
Liquid
Physical properties of the minerals
Crystalline structure
geometric shape (participle)
see (naked eye) = crystals
Colour and Streak
several different colour (quartz)
Characteristic colour
sulphur = yellow
malachite = green
Hardness
resistance to being scratched
Measure, Hohs scale
For example:
Diamond (10)
Talc (1)
Tenacity
resistance to breaking
easy to break (brittle)
difficult to break (tough)
Lustre
Types
Metallic
Glassy
Silky
Pearly
Adamantine
Matte
Fracture and Cleavage
Cleavage
breaks regular shapes
Fracture
breaks irregular shapes
a mineral breaks hit
Characteristics of rocks
Composition
One mineral
Several minerals
Origin
Sedimentary
Igeneus
Igeneus
Texture
Depends: form and size
Types of rocks
Igneous rocks :
From mantle
Two types
Plutonic rocks
Magama
Crystals easily too see
Volcanic rocks
Gassy appareance
Basalt
Lava solidifies
Metamorphic rocks
Transformed by preassure
Slate, schist and gneiss
Layered from (foliation)
Sedimentary rocks
Composition of other rocks
Conglomerartes
With grains (clasts)
Joining clasts form matrix
