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MINDMAP LEARN FOR BIO TES [TEST WEEK] (Plant reproduction (Parts and…

- - - - Asexual reproduction
        
        meaning
        
        Organisms that do this alone with only one parent
        
        Requires only 1 parent
        
        No exchange of genetic information
        
        Offspring are clones of the parent
        
        Examples
        
        Budding of tubers
        
        tubers = stem that thicken to form vegetables that we can eat new plants can grow from these roots
        
        Cuttings and grafts
        
        cuttings
        
        Cuttings = fragmentation
        
        grafts
        
        grafting = this piece you have to cut from one plant you attach to another plant to form a hydrid
        
        Runners
        
        Horizontal stems known as
        stolons
        
        Cloning (tissue culture)
        
        Take a few cells from a plant and
        regrow them in a growth medium
      - Sexual reproduction
        
        Using both female and male cells
    - - the means of making a new generation
  - - - to reproduce
    - - support and transport
    - - absorption and
        support
    - - for photosynthesis
        and respiration
  - - - Self
        
        the pollination of a flower by pollen from the same flower or from another flower on the same plant
      - Cross
        
        let insect or wind carry the polls to another flower
    - - sexual reproduction
    - - wind
      - insects
  - - - Pollen grains on the stigma
    - - pollen tube (a pollen grain grows a tiny tube towards the ovules in the ovary)
    - - egg cells (female sex cells)
  - - - Moving of seeds and fruits away from the parents plant
    - - Human
      - Wind
      - Water
      - Self
      - Animal
  - - - the moment a seeds starts to grow
- - - - (by means of mitosis)
    - - Sexual reproduction (by means of gametes)
        
        gametes are, cells that are specially made
        for reproduction
  - - - In women the gametes are ovules (egg cells)
        made in the ovary
    - - In men the gametes are sperm cells made in
        the testes
      - a sperm cell looks like a tadpole and
        swims up to the ovum.
      - the hormone testosterone is what
        changes boys into men
      - the prostate and seminal vesicle glands produce liquid that do several things:
        
        give food and energy to the sperm cells
        to swim
        
        clean the urethra (or else the sperm cells
        would die)
  - - - This is one cell that has formed from the 2 cells
        
        Once these cells start dividing (mitosis) then it becomes an embryo