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Soil Erosion & Conservation (Prevention (4. Shelter Belts (Planting…
Soil Erosion & Conservation
Erosion
Human Causes
2. Overgrazing
1. Deforestation
3. Construction & Mining
4. Wrong Farming Methods
- Ploughing up & down a slope creates channels causing quick flow of water
Natural Causes
2. Wind
Wind blows loose top sand from slopes & flat land
1. Water
Gullies
- Running water cuts through clayey soil forming deep channels called gullies
Bad Land
- Lands with gullies that cannot be cultivated
Ravines
- Badland in Chambal - Ravines are deep valleys with steep sides
Sheet Erosion
- Sometimes water flows as a sheet over large area down a slope
3. Glacier
Definition
Denudation of soil cover
(D1)
with subsequent washing away of top soil
(D2
)
by water, wind, glacier etc
(D3)
Prevention
1. Contour Ploughing
Ploughing along contour lines to decelerate flow of water along the slopes
2. Terrace Farming
Steps are cut out on slopes to make terraces that prevent erosion .
3. Strip Cropping
Strips of grass grow between crops and breaks the force of the wind
4. Shelter Belts
Planting rows of trees to break the force of wind
It is used to stabilize sand dunes in deserts
5. Afforestation
6. Prevention of Overgrazing