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Nature Based Tourism Exam MODULE 3 (Disruption of natural feeding regime-…
Nature Based Tourism Exam MODULE 3
Potential ecological implications of
STRESS
caused by disturbance to wild animals
Ecological Response
Withdrawl from optimum habitat
Reduced parental attention
Reduced feeding behaviour
Behavioral Response
Weight loss/ loss of condition
Increased disease susceptibility
Reduced reproductive success
Decline in viable population
Impacts on associated and dependent species
6 Human Interests
in Wildlife
Wildlife Tourism Paradigm
Observing wildlife
Photographing wild animals
Locating wildlife
Feeding wildlife
Accessing natural areas to view wildlife
Touching and close interaction
Disruption
of natural
feeding
regime- tourist impacts
Road sinks attracting species to food supply
Indirect food provisioning by scavenging species at refuse tip
Loss of habitat affecting food supply
Direct food provisioning
Road barriers prevent access to food source
Deliberate/ chasing of the animal
Close approach for photos
3 behavioural responses>
attraction
positive reinforcement of stimuli
Eg. animals associating humans with food or shelter
habituation
Form of adaptive behaviour, whereby animals learn to stop responding to stimuli that is neutral.
Can be dangerous, eg. animals becoming habituated to to sound of noisy motorways, can be at risk of getting run over
avoidance
depend on
animals past experiences
characteristics of the habitat
sensitivity of the animal
the disturbance
frequency
magnitude
timing
location
Wildlife provisioning can cause alterations in:
dependency and habituation
natural behaviour patterns
social behaviour
aggression
heath issues/ disease and injury