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Circulatory shock (Definition: Mismatch between tissue perfusion and the…
Circulatory shock
Definition: Mismatch between tissue perfusion and the metabolic demands of that tissue resulting in hypoxia - resulting in:
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Factors that reduce SVR
Distributive shock: caused by insufficient IV volume relative to the vascular tone (SVR). This causes relative hypovolaemia. CO is maintained and may compensate to a point, but tissue demand / perfusion overcomes this. Includes:
Septic shock: caused by overwhelming infection resulting in release of inflammatory mediators and subsequent vasodilation, increased capillary permeability
Anaphylactic shock: caused by IgE mediated type 1 hypersensitivity reaction to a specific antigen resulting in massive histamine release and subsequent vasodilation and increased vascular permeability. e.g. drug, latex, food allergy
Neurogenic shock: caused by spinal injury that results in loss of autonomic responses below the level of that injury e.g. cervical spine injury
Endocrine shock: caused by severe endocrine dysfunction / abnormalities e.g. hyper / hypothyroidism, adrenal insufficiency